Chapter 6 Orthopedics Flashcards
bone scan
scan using radioactive dye to visualize bone; especially useful for finding stress fractures and bone cancer
closed fracture
broken bone with no open skin wound (simple fracture)
comminuted fracture
bone break where bone shatters into many small fragments
compound fracture
broken bone with open skin wound (open fracture)
compression fracture
bone break causing loss of height of vertebral body
contracture
abnormal shortening of muscle fibers, tendons or connective tissue making it difficult to stretch muscle
dislocation
bone in joint are displaced from normal alignment and end of bones are no longer in contact with each other
fibromyalgia
chronic condition with widespread aching pain in the muscles and fibrous soft tissue
fixation
procedure to stabilize fractured bone while it heals
greenstick fracture
fracture with incomplete break; one side of the bone breaks and the other side only bends
herniated nucleus pulposus
protrusion of the intervertebral disc between two vertebrae, which puts pressure on spinal nerves (herniated or ruptured disk)
impacted fracture
fracture in which one bone fragment is pushed into another
kyphosis
abnormal increase in outward curvature of the thoracic spine (hunch back or humpback)
lordosis
abnormal increase in forward curvature of lumbar spine (swayback)
muscle atrophy
loss of muscle bulk due to muscle disease, nervous system disease or lack of use (muscle wasting)