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Physical Science > Chapter 6 Module 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Module 3 Flashcards

1
Q

J. J. Thompson conducted experiments on electric currents and concluded that the movement of negatively charged particles, which were called ________ for the Greek word for Amber, was responsible for the attractive quality of some materials

A

Electrons

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2
Q

Atoms are made of three basic particles. They are ________ and neutrons in the nucleus and ________ located around the nucleus at a distance from it. 

A

Protons; electrons

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3
Q

Electricity involves the movement of __________ from atom to atom

A

Electrons

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4
Q

What is true regarding the charge of protons and electrons

A

Protons have a positive charge
The charge of protons and electrons is opposite
Electrons and protons cannot be separated from their charge

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5
Q

An attractive electrical force is experienced when two ________ charges approach one another

A

Opposite

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6
Q

The word electricity is based upon the Greek word for

A

Amber

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7
Q

Ions are formed when

A

Atoms either gain additional electrons or give up existing electrons

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8
Q

True or False: electrons move around an atom and always remain with that atom

A

False

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9
Q

Electrical, light, and chemical phenomena involve the movement of

A

Electrons

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10
Q

The difference between a positive ion and a negative ion is that a negative ion has

A

More electrons than protons and a positive ion has more protons than electrons

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11
Q

Electrons have a _________ charge and protons have a ________ charge

A

Negative; positive

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12
Q

A charge that can reside on an object and change as the result of a gain or loss of electrons is called a _______ charge

A

Electrostatic

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13
Q

If two positive charges are pushed toward one another, the resulting force will be

A

Repulsive

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14
Q

An electrostatic charge can build on an object as ________ removes electrons from it, direct contact occurs between charged objects, or _________ forces a realignment of the electrons already on an object

A

Friction; induction

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15
Q

Ions always have ________

A

An unequal number of protons and electrons

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16
Q

An electrostatic induction occurs when one charged object

A

Forces a realignment of electrons in a nearby material

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17
Q

An atom that loses or gains electrons from its neutral state is said to be ionized. If it gains electrons from the neutral state, it will be ________ ion

A

Negative

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18
Q

Static electricity involves the gain or loss of ________ from an object; these particles do not leave the object until there is a discharge

A

Electrons

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19
Q

Materials that have electrons that are free to move about are __________ and those that do not are _______

A

Conductors; insulators

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20
Q

Which of the following processes result in an object becoming electrostatically charged

A

Friction
Contact with a charged body
Induction

21
Q

A coulomb (C) is equivalent to the charge resulting from the transfer of

A

6.24 x 10^18 electrons

22
Q

What two factors influence the size of the electrostatic force between two charged objects

A

The amount of charge on each object
The distance between them

23
Q

Holding an electrostatically charged object near a material with a random distribution of electrons can result in the material’s electrons becoming reoriented; this process is called ________

A

Induction

24
Q

An electric charge produces a force field in the space around it. Since the field is the result of electric charge, we called the force field a(n) ___________ field

A

Electric

25
Q

Test charges are used to identify ________

A

Electric field that surrounds the space of an electric charge

26
Q

The difference between electrical conductors and insulators is

A

Conductors have electrons that are free to move about the material, whereas insulators do not 

27
Q

The metric quantity of electric charge (q) is measured in

A

Coulomb

28
Q

If a test charge feels a repulsive force as it moves toward an unknown charge, the unknown charge must be

A

Positive

29
Q

An electric field around a charged object is a type of

A

Force field

30
Q

A charge that is used to identify the electric field surrounding an electric charge is a ____________ charge

A

Test

31
Q

Recognizes masses are attracted gravitationally, and electric charges and magnetic poles attract and repel through space

A

Action-at-a-distance model

32
Q

Considers a field to be a condition of space around a mass, electric charge, or magnet; Field properties described by field lines

A

Field model

33
Q

A complex in highly mathematical explanation of attractive and repulsive forces; Forces attributed to rapid emission and absorption of subatomic particles

A

Field-particle model

34
Q

When work is done moving two like-charged particles near each other the electric potential

A

Increases

35
Q

The electric potential difference between two points is measured as a

A

Voltage

36
Q

Play moving or flowing charge is known as an _________ current

A

Electric

37
Q

When two liked-charged  particles move away from one another the electric potential __________

A

Decreases

38
Q

If the electric field potential goes to zero, the electric current will

A

Stop

39
Q

The key to maintaining an electric current is

A

Maintaining a separation of charges

40
Q

True or False: Electrons move through a wire at the speed of light

A

False

41
Q

Electric current (I) is equal to the

A

Quantity of charge divided by time

42
Q

The property of opposing or reducing a current is known as electrical

A

Resistance

43
Q

An ohm is equal to a ________ divided by an amp

A

Volt

44
Q

The SI unit of electrical work is the

A

Joule

45
Q

Magnetism is thought to be produced by

A

Electric currents

46
Q

Electricity is likely the cause of

A

Magnetism

47
Q

An electromagnet can be produced by passing a current

A

Through the wires of a solenoid

48
Q

An electric relay is a

A

Low voltage control device that can switch a larger, high-voltage circuit on and off

Physical Science (2 decks)

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