Chapter 6 Module 3 Flashcards
J. J. Thompson conducted experiments on electric currents and concluded that the movement of negatively charged particles, which were called ________ for the Greek word for Amber, was responsible for the attractive quality of some materials
Electrons
Atoms are made of three basic particles. They are ________ and neutrons in the nucleus and ________ located around the nucleus at a distance from it. 
Protons; electrons
Electricity involves the movement of __________ from atom to atom
Electrons
What is true regarding the charge of protons and electrons
Protons have a positive charge
The charge of protons and electrons is opposite
Electrons and protons cannot be separated from their charge
An attractive electrical force is experienced when two ________ charges approach one another
Opposite
The word electricity is based upon the Greek word for
Amber
Ions are formed when
Atoms either gain additional electrons or give up existing electrons
True or False: electrons move around an atom and always remain with that atom
False
Electrical, light, and chemical phenomena involve the movement of
Electrons
The difference between a positive ion and a negative ion is that a negative ion has
More electrons than protons and a positive ion has more protons than electrons
Electrons have a _________ charge and protons have a ________ charge
Negative; positive
A charge that can reside on an object and change as the result of a gain or loss of electrons is called a _______ charge
Electrostatic
If two positive charges are pushed toward one another, the resulting force will be
Repulsive
An electrostatic charge can build on an object as ________ removes electrons from it, direct contact occurs between charged objects, or _________ forces a realignment of the electrons already on an object
Friction; induction
Ions always have ________
An unequal number of protons and electrons
An electrostatic induction occurs when one charged object
Forces a realignment of electrons in a nearby material
An atom that loses or gains electrons from its neutral state is said to be ionized. If it gains electrons from the neutral state, it will be ________ ion
Negative
Static electricity involves the gain or loss of ________ from an object; these particles do not leave the object until there is a discharge
Electrons
Materials that have electrons that are free to move about are __________ and those that do not are _______
Conductors; insulators
Which of the following processes result in an object becoming electrostatically charged
Friction
Contact with a charged body
Induction
A coulomb (C) is equivalent to the charge resulting from the transfer of
6.24 x 10^18 electrons
What two factors influence the size of the electrostatic force between two charged objects
The amount of charge on each object
The distance between them
Holding an electrostatically charged object near a material with a random distribution of electrons can result in the material’s electrons becoming reoriented; this process is called ________
Induction
An electric charge produces a force field in the space around it. Since the field is the result of electric charge, we called the force field a(n) ___________ field
Electric
Test charges are used to identify ________
Electric field that surrounds the space of an electric charge
The difference between electrical conductors and insulators is
Conductors have electrons that are free to move about the material, whereas insulators do not 
The metric quantity of electric charge (q) is measured in
Coulomb
If a test charge feels a repulsive force as it moves toward an unknown charge, the unknown charge must be
Positive
An electric field around a charged object is a type of
Force field
A charge that is used to identify the electric field surrounding an electric charge is a ____________ charge
Test
Recognizes masses are attracted gravitationally, and electric charges and magnetic poles attract and repel through space
Action-at-a-distance model
Considers a field to be a condition of space around a mass, electric charge, or magnet; Field properties described by field lines
Field model
A complex in highly mathematical explanation of attractive and repulsive forces; Forces attributed to rapid emission and absorption of subatomic particles
Field-particle model
When work is done moving two like-charged particles near each other the electric potential
Increases
The electric potential difference between two points is measured as a
Voltage
Play moving or flowing charge is known as an _________ current
Electric
When two liked-charged  particles move away from one another the electric potential __________
Decreases
If the electric field potential goes to zero, the electric current will
Stop
The key to maintaining an electric current is
Maintaining a separation of charges
True or False: Electrons move through a wire at the speed of light
False
Electric current (I) is equal to the
Quantity of charge divided by time
The property of opposing or reducing a current is known as electrical
Resistance
An ohm is equal to a ________ divided by an amp
Volt
The SI unit of electrical work is the
Joule
Magnetism is thought to be produced by
Electric currents
Electricity is likely the cause of
Magnetism
An electromagnet can be produced by passing a current
Through the wires of a solenoid
An electric relay is a
Low voltage control device that can switch a larger, high-voltage circuit on and off
