chapter 6 metabolism

Question 1

aerobic respiration:

Answer 1

C6H12O6+6O2——> 6CO2+6H2O+energy

Question 2

photosynthesis:

Answer 2

6CO2+6H2O+energy ——> C6H12O6+6O2

Question 3

most life forms get their energy from the ____

Answer 3

sun

Question 4

metabolism is the total of all ______ ______ carried out by an organism
anabolism is the ______ energy to build up molecules
catabolism ______ energy by breaking down molecules

Answer 4

chemical reactions
expended
harvest

Question 5

reactions occur in a _______

____ of one reaction is the _____ for the next

Answer 5

sequence

product, substrate

Question 6

energy is the _____ to do work

Answer 6

capacity

Question 7

the two states of energy are _______ and ________

Answer 7

kinetic, potential

Question 8

🔺G =

Answer 8

change in free energy/ 🔺H-TS

Question 9

if change in free energy is positive, ______ have more free energy than _______.
H is ____ or S is _____.
not spontaneous, required _____ of energy.
endergonic

Answer 9

products, reactants
higher, lower
input

Question 10

if free energy is negative, products have ______ free energy than reactants.
H is _____ or S is ______ or both.
spontaneous and exergonic.

Answer 10

less

lower, higher

Question 11

____ reactions release energy and ______ reaction require energy to proceed

Answer 11

exergonic, endergonic

Question 12

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
energy can’t be…
can only change from…
total amount of energy in the universe remains…
during each conversion, some energy is lost to…

Answer 12

created or destroyed
one form to another
constant
heat

Question 13

2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
entropy is continuously ________
energy transmissions proceed spontaneously to confer matter from a…
entropy is a measure of ______ in a system
_____ have higher entropy than _____, which have higher entropy than ______.

Answer 13

increasing
more ordered/less stable form to a less ordered/more stable form.
randomness/disorder
gasses,liquid, solid

Question 14

ATP stands for…
chief _____ all cells use
composed of ______ (5 carbon sugar), chain of 3 _______, and _____.
key to ______ storage
bonds are _____
ADP have __ phosphates
AMP has __ phosphate, and it is the ____ energy form.

Answer 14

adenosine triphosphate 
currency 
ribose, phosphates, adenine
energy
unstable
2
1, lowest

Question 15

ATP _______ drives endergonic reactions

not suitable for ______ _____ energy storage

Answer 15

hydrolysis

long term

Question 16

most enzymes are ______
some are ___
shape of enzyme stabilizes a ______ association between substrates
enzymes are not ______ in reaction

Answer 16

proteins
RNA
temporary
charged/consumed

Question 17

___ molecules of carbonic acid are made per hour without enzymes.
_______ molecules are produced with enzymes.

Answer 17

200

600,000