Biological Macromolecules (Chapter 3)

Question 1

Bio molecules consist of…

Answer 1

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Question 2

glucose, galactose and fructose are all _______. They are ________ ________, meaning they have the same chemical formula (C6H12O6) but a different arrangement of atoms.

Answer 2

hexoses/ structural isomers

Question 3

sucrose

Answer 3

glucose+fructose

Question 4

common disaccharides

Answer 4

maltose, lactose, and sucrose

Question 5

two types of starch

Answer 5

amylose

amylopectin

Question 6

insects have a hard outer exoskeleton made of _____, a type of polysaccharide.

Answer 6

chitin

Question 7

wax coverings on some leaves are made of ______.

Answer 7

lipids

Question 8

phospholipid

Answer 8

molecule with two fatty acids and a modified phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone

Question 9

phospholipid bilayer

Answer 9

the major component of all cellular membranes

Question 10

there are __ common amino acids commonly found in proteins, each with a different R group.

Answer 10

20

Question 11

a nucleotide is made up of three compounds:

Answer 11

nitrogenous base, pentode sugar, and one or more phosphate groups.

Question 12

three common forms of RNA

Answer 12

ribosomal RNA- rRNA
messenger RNA- mRNA
transfer RNA- tRNA

Question 13

transcription

Answer 13

process of making mRNA from DNA

Question 14

translation

Answer 14

process of making proteins from an RNA template