Chapter 6- Memory Flashcards
is the process which makes available to the individual something he has learned previously.
memory
three process of memory
encoding
storage
retrieval
focuses on the way information is processed through different stages of memory
information-processing model
focuses of the depth of processing associated with specific information
Levels of processing model
focuses on simultaneous processing of information across multiple neural networks
Parallel distributed processing (PDP) model
models of memory
Information processing model
levels of processing model
parallel distributed processing model
the process by which information is initially recorded in a form usable to memory
Encoding
this encoding process will be more effective under two conditions:
- Emotional Significance
- Associations to things alreadu known
enhanced memory performance for those items in the beginning of the sequence
Primacy Effect
enhanced memory performance for tjose items at the end of the sequence
Recency Effect
it is the storing process of what was required
Retention
it is the key process in forgetting
Interference
New learning interderes with the recall of information learned earlier
Retroactive Interference
Informaation Learned earlier intereferes with the racall of material learned later
Proactive Interference
Meaningful units of information that may vary depending on the circumstances
Chunks
Is a lesrning technique that involves breaking down large pieces of content into smaller chunkc that are easier to process and remember
Chunking
The process by which material in memory storage is located, brought into awareness, and used.
Retrieval
the process of drawing from memory a specific piece for a specific purpose
Recall
is a stimulus such as word, smell, sound that guides a person through the information stored in thr memory
Retrieval Cue
The process of acknwoledging prior exposure to a given stimulus.
Recogniton
The process wherein one remembers not only a secifuc event but also all the details and circumtances of this event
Redintegration
is where information is held while it is unconscious and being used. it holds about three to five items of information and lasts about 30 seconds without rehearsal.
Short-Term Memory
It involves manipulation of the information withing short term memory
Working Memory
is the system in which memories that are to be kept more or less permanently are stored and is unlimited in capacity and relatively pernanent in duration
Long-Term-Memory
memories for skills, habits, snd conditioned responses.
Nondeclarative/implicit memories
memories for general facts and personal experiences and include both semantic memories and episodic memories
Declarative/explicit Memories
are difficult to bring into conscious awsreness
Implicit Memories
Those that a person is aware of possessing
Explicit Memories
memory loss of occurances prior to some event
Retrogade amnesia
Memory loss of events following an injury
Anterograde Amnesia
is a loss of memory due to a psuchological repression mechsnism
Psychogenic Amnesia
