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PSY 101 > Chapter 6: Memory > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

Memory

A

Persistence of learning over time through storage and retrieval of information

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2
Q

3 R’s of functioning memory

A

Recall, Recognition, & Releasing

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3
Q

Recall

A

“Fill in the Blank” Retrieving Info

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4
Q

Recognition

A

“Multiple Choice” Identify stimuli that matches stored info

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5
Q

Relearning

A

Measure of the effort it takes to relearn info you studied before

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6
Q

How does memory work?

A

Encoding, Storage, & Retrieval

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7
Q

Encoding

A

Info changes to a way it can be stored

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8
Q

Storage

A

Info is held in a way that allows it to be later retrieval

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9
Q

Retrieval

A

Reactivating and recalling info

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10
Q

Memory Step 1

A

Sensory Register (Memory)

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11
Q

Memory Step 1.5

A

Attention

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12
Q

Memory Step 2

A

Short Term Memory (STM)

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13
Q

Memory Step 2.5

A

Encoding

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14
Q

Memory Step 3

A

Long Term Memory (LTM)

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15
Q

Memory Step -2.5

A

Retrieval

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16
Q

Sensory Register (Memory)

A

Large Capacity, Filters select details to sent to STM

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17
Q

Attention

A

Gateway to STM, Selects incoming information for further processing

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18
Q

Inattentional Blindness

A

Forgetting stimuli that’s right in from of us

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19
Q

Short Term (STM)

A

Working Memory

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20
Q

Auditory Rehearsal

A

Repeating a password to remember it

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21
Q

Executive Functions

A

Choosing want to attend to respond to

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22
Q

Visospatial “Sketchpad”

A

Rearranging room furniture in your mind

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23
Q

Latent Learning

A

Cognitive Map

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24
Q

Chunking

A

Organizing data into manageable units

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25
Q

We can remember

A

7 +/- 2

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26
Q

Memory decays

A

after 12 seconds

27
Q

Serial Positioning Effect

A

We tend to recall the first and last items on a list

28
Q

Scheme

A

A set of beliefs or expectations about something based on past experiences

29
Q

Long Term Memory (LTM)

A

Store vast amount of info that can stay permanently

30
Q

Memory may be stored

A

by look or sound but mostly by meaning

31
Q

Rote Rehearsal

A

Repetition

32
Q

Elaborative Rehearsal

A

Connecting to what we already know

33
Q

2 types of LTM

A

Explicit and Implicit

34
Q

Explicit (Declarative)

A

Episodic and Semantic

35
Q

Episodic

A

Experienced Events

36
Q

Semantic

A

Knowledge and Concepts

37
Q

Implicit (Non-declarative)

A

Procedural and Emotional Conditioning

38
Q

Procedural

A

Skills and Actions

39
Q

Explicit Memories

A

Facts and Experiences we consciously know (Effortful Processing)

40
Q

Implicit Memories

A

We are not fully aware of them (Automatic Processing)

41
Q

Memory is a

A

Reconstructive Process

42
Q

Memories are altered

A

Every time we recall them

43
Q

Altered again when we

A

reconsolidate the memory

44
Q

The Misinformation Effect

A

Ways you ask questions can skew someones memory

45
Q

Priming

A

Retrieval is affected by the activation of our association

46
Q

Primary triggers

A

A thread of association “Invisible memory”

47
Q

We Interpret our surrounding from

A

our unconscious memories

48
Q

Procedural Memory

A

Conditioned associations - LTM

49
Q

Imagination Inflation

A

Picturing an event can make it seem like a real memory

50
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Disease is caused by the treatment itself

51
Q

Storage

A

Changes in how nerves link to each other and creates neural networks

52
Q

Retrieval & use of explicit memory

A

Working memory or executive function

53
Q

Explicit Memory Processing is

A

Directed by the frontal lobes

54
Q

Encoding and storage of memory is facilitated by

A

Hippocampus

55
Q

What consolidates memory?

A

Hippocampus

56
Q

Cerebellum forms and stores

A

our Conditioned Responses

57
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

Controls movement, forms & stores memory “Muscle Memory”

58
Q

Memory Decay

A

Memory is never used, recalled, or restored

59
Q

Memory is not stored as a file but as

A

Web of associations

60
Q

Tip of the tongue

A

Retrieval failure

61
Q

Prevent Memory Loss

A

Multiple associations, Many retrieval cues, Context

62
Q

State dependent memory

A

Memories tied to emotional state that can trigger different memories

63
Q

Interleaving

A

Moving between bits of information

64
Q

Metacognition

A

Thinking of our own thinking

PSY 101 (2 decks)

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