Chapter 6 Key Terms

Question 1

hygiene

Answer 1

practices to keep bodies clean and healthy

Question 2

grooming

Answer 2

practices to care for oneself, such as caring for fingernails and hair

Question 3

pressure points

Answer 3

areas of the body that bear much of the body weight

Question 4

bony prominences

Answer 4

areas of the body where the bone lies close to the skin

Question 5

pressure injuries

Answer 5

a serious wound resulting from skin deterioration and shearing; also called pressure ulcers, pressure sores, bed sores, or decubitus ulcers

Question 6

shearing

Answer 6

rubbing or friction that results from the skin moving one way and the bone underneath it remaining fixed or moving in the opposite direction

Question 7

draw sheet

Answer 7

an extra sheet placed on top of the bottom sheet; used for moving residents in bed

Question 8

foot drop

Answer 8

a weakness of muscles in the feet and ankles that causes problems with the ability to flex the ankles and walk normally

Question 9

orthotic device

Answer 9

a device that helps support and align a limb and improve its functioning; also called orthosis

Question 10

partial bath

Answer 10

a bath given on days when a complete bath or shower is not done; includes washing the face, hands, underarms, and perineum

Question 11

perineum

Answer 11

the genital and anal area

Question 12

pediculosis

Answer 12

an infestation of lice

Question 13

safety razor

Answer 13

a type of razor that has a sharp blade with a special safety casing to help prevent cuts; requires the use of shaving cream or soap

Question 14

disposable razor

Answer 14

type of razor that is discarded after one use; requires the use of shaving cream or soap

Question 15

electric razor

Answer 15

type of razor that runs on electricity; does not require the use of soap or shaving cream

Question 16

affected side

Answer 16

a side of the body that is weakened due to a stroke or injury; also called weaker or involved side

Question 17

involved side

Answer 17

a side of the body that is weakened due to a stroke or injury; also called weaker or affected side

Question 18

intravenous (IV) therapy

Answer 18

the delivery of medication, nutrition, or fluids through a person’s vein

Question 19

embolism

Answer 19

an obstruction of a blood vessel, usually by a blood clot

Question 20

oral care

Answer 20

care of the mouth, teeth, and gums

Question 21

aspiration

Answer 21

the inhalation of food, fluid or foreign material into the lungs

Question 22

dentures

Answer 22

artificial teeth

Question 23

fracture pan

Answer 23

a bedpan that is flatter than a regular bedpan

Question 24

portable commode

Answer 24

a chair with a toilet seat and a removable container underneath that is used for elimination; also called bedside commode

Question 25

positioning

Answer 25

the act of helping people into positions that promote comfort and health

Question 26

supine

Answer 26

a body position in which a person lies flat on his back

Question 27

lateral

Answer 27

body position in which a person is lying on either side

Question 28

prone

Answer 28

body position in which a person is lying on his stomach, or front side of the body

Question 29

Fowler’s

Answer 29

a semisitting body position in which a person’s head and shoulders are elevated 45 to 60 degrees

Question 30

Sims’

Answer 30

body position in which a person is lying on his left side with the upper knee flexed and raised toward the chest

Question 31

logrolling

Answer 31

moving a person as a unit, without disturbing the alignment of the body

Question 32

dangle

Answer 32

to sit up with the legs hanging over the side of the bed in order to regain balance and stabilize blood pressure

Question 33

ergonomics

Answer 33

the science of designing equipment, areas, and work tasks to make them safer and to suit the worker’s abilities