Chapter 6 Important Terms

Question 1

assimilation

Answer 1

Incorporating nutrients into living tissue. Occurs after or with absorption.

Question 2

Alimentation

Answer 2

the process of providing nutrients for the body.

Question 3

DRI

Answer 3

Dietary reference Intake-determines levels of essential nutrients needed daily

Question 4

glycolysis

Answer 4

breaking down sugar

Question 5

endodontium

Answer 5

the soft tissue inside the tooth

Question 6

peridontium

Answer 6

the tissue supporting the teeth

Question 7

parotid glands

Answer 7

the largest salivary glands

Question 8

rugae

Answer 8

folds in the stomach that allow it to expand

Question 9

proctologist

Answer 9

specializes in treating disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus.

Question 10

choledochal

Answer 10

pertaining to the common bile duct

Question 11

cholangiography

Answer 11

radiography of the major bile ducts

Question 12

ERCP

Answer 12

diagnostic and therapeutic combination of endoscopy and fluoroscopy that is used to evaluate the biliary and pancreatic ducts

Question 13

hematochezia

Answer 13

blood in the stool

Question 14

anorexia nervosa

Answer 14

Self-induced starvation

Question 15

emaciation

Answer 15

excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition

Question 16

bulimia

Answer 16

eating disorder characterized by binge eating and then self-induced vomiting

Question 17

eructation

Answer 17

belching

Question 18

Esophagectomy

Answer 18

excision of a part or all of the esophagus

Question 19

Hernia

Answer 19

the protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening

Question 20

Cheilosis

Answer 20

a condition of the lips that causes them to split

Question 21

Gastralgia

Answer 21

stomach ache

Question 22

Gingiva

Answer 22

the gums, or a mucous membrane that supports the teeth

Question 23

Hyperglycemia

Answer 23

refers to high blood sugar and is a sign of diabetes Mellitus

Question 24

Lipopenia

Answer 24

deficiency of fats in the body

Question 25

Cholecystitis

Answer 25

is inflammation of the gallbladder

Question 26

Gastrointestinal

Answer 26

means pertaining to the stomach and intestines

Question 27

Sigmoidoscope

Answer 27

an instrument for viewing the sigmoid colon

Question 28

aphagia

Answer 28

inability to swallow as a result of organic or psychological

Question 29

caries

Answer 29

tooth decay

Question 30

halitosis

Answer 30

bad breath

Question 31

malocclusion

Answer 31

abnormal contact of teeth

Question 32

pyorrhea

Answer 32

inflammation of the gingiva

Question 33

temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Answer 33

one pair of joints connecting the mandible to the skull

Question 34

Leukoplakia

Answer 34

precancerous condition of white patches in the mouth

Question 35

esophageal achalasia

Answer 35

the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close properly

Question 36

hiatal hernia

Answer 36

protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm

Question 37

fistula

Answer 37

abnormal passages between organs

Question 38

Intussusception

Answer 38

folding of the bowel back into itself

Question 39

volvulus

Answer 39

folding of a bowel onto itself

Question 40

cirrhosis

Answer 40

chronic liver disease characterized by degradation of liver cells

Question 41

bariatrics

Answer 41

field of medicine that focuses on treating obesity

Question 42

topical

Answer 42

pertaining to a place on the surface area