Chapter 6: Group Work

Question 1

__________ introduced group work to schools.

a. Frank Parsons
b. Jesse Davis
c. Lewis Wender
d. Joseph Pratt

Answer 1

b. Jesse Davis

Jesse Davis introduced groups to schools in 1907 for educational, vocational and
moral decision making.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about marathon
groups?

a. Marathon groups can last up to 48 hours.
b. Members of marathon groups are encouraged to be
authentic with each other.
c. Marathon groups became popular during the 1990s.
d. Self-disclosure is an integral part of marathon groups.

Answer 2

c. Marathon groups became popular during the 1990s.

Marathon groups became popular during the 1960s and 1970s.

Question 3

A __________ group is NOT one of the four primary types of
group work.

a. psychoeducational
b. task
c. growth
d. psychotherapy

Answer 3

c. growth

This is not one of the 4 types of group work specified by the ASGW.

Question 4

Reality distortion occurs when

a. the social environment in the group is radically dissimilar
to the outside world.
b. group members view their problems through rosecolored
glasses.
c. members engage in avoidance behaviors.
d. All of the above.

Answer 4

a. the social environment in the group is radically dissimilar
to the outside world.

By definition, this is when reality distortion occurs.

Question 5

The first form of psychodrama was called

a. role playing.
b. psychological improvisation.
c. dramatic reenacting.
d. the Theater of Spontaneity.

Answer 5

d. the Theater of Spontaneity.

J.L. Moreno created the Theater of Spontaneity in 1920. It’s the earliest form of
psychodrama.

Question 6

Psychoeducational groups are

a. remedial.
b. preventative.
c. growth oriented.
d. All of the above.

Answer 6

d. All of the above.

Psychoeducational groups are very versatile because they can be remedial, preventative, or growth oriented.

Question 7

___________ groups focus heavily on skill-building.

a. Psychoeducational
b. Psychotherapy
c. Task
d. Counseling

Answer 7

a. Psychoeducational

Psychoeducational groups are more structured than counseling or psychotherapy groups and emphasize skill development.

Question 8

Counseling groups are more ___________ than psychoeducational
groups.

a. structured
b. problem oriented
c. pedagogic
d. None of the above.

Answer 8

b. problem oriented

Counseling groups are typically more problem oriented, helping members explore problems and seek resolution.

Question 9

___________ groups are for members who have severe psychiatric
problems.

a. Counseling
b. Psychoeducational
c. Psychotherapy
d. Task

Answer 9

c. Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy groups are designed to treat those with severe or chronic problems and members typically carry a psychiatric diagnosis.

Question 10

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about task groups?

a. The primary goal is completing a task.
b. Leaders work to change and improve member behavior.
c. Task groups are run using principles of group dynamics.
d. Collaboration is used to facilitate goal achievement.

Answer 10

b. Leaders work to change and improve member behavior.

In task groups, leaders do not work to change member behavior. They collaborate with members to accomplish a task.

Question 11

In the beginning stage of a group, a leader is generally more
___________ than in later stages.

A. laissez-faire
B. directive
C. democratic
D. passive

Answer 11

B. directive

Leaders are usually more directive in the earlier stages of groups to create a safe environment and structure for accomplishing group goals.

Question 12

___________ is NOT an executive function of a group leader.

a. Establishing boundaries
b. Beginning and ending group sessions
c. Establishing norms
d. Planning group sessions

Answer 12

c. Establishing norms

While establishing norms is a group leader task, it is categorized under buildinggroup culture, not under executive function.

Question 13

Each of the following are examples of ways to bring members
into the here and now EXCEPT

a. processing members’ current situations.
b. discussing immediate interactions between group
members.
c. helping members make future plans.
d. encouraging members to provide feedback to other
members.

Answer 13

c. helping members make future plans.

Helping members make future plans is not an example of bringing members intothe here and now.

Question 14

The task group on reviewing 2016 school truancy cases is led by
Marcus. However, the 8-member expert group makes almost all
the decisions about the group sessions and process with little
guidance from their leader. Marcus is most likely a(n)
___________ leader.

a. laissez-faire
b. democratic
c. authoritarian
d. uninvolved

Answer 14

a. laissez-faire

In laissez-faire leadership, the leader assumes little or no responsibility for thegroup sessions and process.

Question 15

Ravindra is annoyed by one of his fellow group members. He
feels that Padma tends to interrupt him often and offers him
useless advice. Group conflict usually occurs during the
___________ stage of a counseling group.

a. initial
b. working
c. final
d. transition

Answer 15

d. transition

Conflict usually occurs during the transition stage of a counseling group.

Question 16

Olga considered not attending her first group session because she
just doesn’t know what to expect. She wonders if she is supposed
to tell a room full of strangers her deepest darkest secrets, or if
she is supposed to have answers for the other members. She feels
a lot of pressure to get things right. Olga is experiencing

a. role overload.
b. role ambiguity.
c. role conflict.
d. role dissonance.

Answer 16

b. role ambiguity.

Role ambiguity is when a member is not sure of behavioral requirements he or sheshould fulfill.

Question 17

___________ is one of the two most essential group member tasks.

a. Modeling
b. Active listening
c. Providing feedback
d. Confronting

Answer 17

c. Providing feedback

Feedback is one of the two most essential group member tasks. The other is self-disclosure.

Question 18

At school, Zach saw a flier for a group for students who are in
recovery. He is curious but unsure if he wants others to know
such personal information about himself during his first semester.
Information that is known to self but unknown to others is found
in which quadrant of the Johari window?

a. Public or open quadrant
b. Private or hidden quadrant
c. Blind quadrant
d. Unknown or unconscious quadrant

Answer 18

b. Private or hidden quadrant

The private/hidden quadrant describes information that is known to self but keptfrom others.

Question 19

Group members sometimes take on challenging roles to address a
personal need or issue related to each of the following EXCEPT

a. attachment.
b. acceptance.
c. identity.
d. power.

Answer 19

a. attachment.

Members do not address attachment through taking on challenging roles.

Question 20

___________ can be a challenging group member behavior.

a. Opinion seeking
b. Gatekeeping
c. Evaluation
d. Advice giving

Answer 20

d. Advice giving

Advice giving is a challenging group member behavior because it prevents disclosure and keeps feedback on a superficial level.

Question 21

A ___________ is an example of a spontaneous content group.

a. social skills group
b. young women’s personal growth group
c. divorce group for children
d. grief group

Answer 21

b. young women’s personal growth group

A young women’s personal growth group is an example of a spontaneous content group.

Question 22

After recent incidents of bullying at his school, the principal
asked the school counselor, Rafael, to hold groups on this topic
for each grade level. ___________ is NOT a potential benefit of a
homogeneous group.

a. Better insight
b. Better attendance
c. Better skill generalization
d. Less resistance

Answer 22

c. Better skill generalization

Better skill generalization is a potential benefit of a heterogeneous group but not a homogeneous group.

Question 23

Heterogeneous groups may have

a. members with diverse presenting problems.
b. members with diverse demographics.
c. cohesion difficulties if members are too dissimilar.
d. All of the above.

Answer 23

d. All of the above.

Heterogeneous groups may have members with diverse presenting problems,diverse demographics, and cohesion difficulties if members are too dissimilar.

Question 24

Open groups are most appropriate in

a. school settings.
b. private practice.
c. psychiatric hospitals.
d. All of the above.

Answer 24

c. psychiatric hospitals.

In psychiatric hospitals, open groups are most appropriate because leaders have no control over patients’ lengths of stay.

Question 25

The ideal size for counseling groups and psychotherapy groups is
about

a. 6 members.
b. 8 members.
c. 10 members.
d. 12 members.

Answer 25

b. 8 members.

Counseling groups ordinarily range from 6 to 12 members and psychotherapy groups range from 4 to 5 members minimum to 8 to 10 members maximum. A group size of 8members would be ideal for both groups.

Question 26

___________ issues are NOT primary contributors to group
dynamics.

a. Content
b. Structural
c. Leader style
d. Process

Answer 26

c. Leader style

Leader style is not a primary contributor to group dynamics.

Question 27

Rudolph noticed some tension between the members in his
group. It seems that Rajcomarie and Jess might be upset with
each other. He decided to speak about it with all group members.
Discussing a conflict that arises in a group with all group
members would be an example of addressing a

a. content issue.
b. structural issue.
c. leader style issue.
d. process issue.

Answer 27

d. process issue.

A process issue is about group and leader dynamics. Discussing a conflict arisingin a group with all group members is an example of addressing a process issue.

Question 28

Group cohesion normally is highest in the

a. forming and orienting stage.
b. transition stage.
c. working stage.
d. termination stage.

Answer 28

c. working stage.

Group cohesion is highest in the working stage.

Question 29

Norms can best be described as

a. roles.
b. rules.
c. attitudes.
d. All of the above.

Answer 29

b. rules.

Norms are the rules for individual member and group behavior.

Question 30

The transition stage is referred to by some as the

a. storming stage.
b. forming stage.
c. norming stage.
d. performing stage.

Answer 30

a. storming stage.

The transition stage is referred to some as the storming, conflict, resistance, andthe power and control state.

Question 31

___________ could be used for process evaluation purposes in
group work.

a. Standardized instruments
b. Evaluation of videotapes
c. Observations
d. All of the above

Answer 31

d. All of the above

Observations, standardized instruments, and evaluation of videos could all beused for process evaluation purposes in group work.

Question 32

Which question does outcome evaluation answer?

a. “What did members like about group work?”
b. “How are members different because of group work?”
c. “How many individuals received the benefit of group
work?”
d. All of the above.

Answer 32

b. “How are members different because of group work?”

Outcome evaluation finds results related to changes in members.

Question 33

Outcome evaluation can be used for all of the following purposes
EXCEPT to

a. demonstrate accountability.
b. process group dynamics.
c. improve the program.
d. determine whether the program met its goals.

Answer 33

b. process group dynamics.

Processing group dynamics is when a leader and group members explore theinterplay of forces between and among themselves. Outcome evaluation is not used for thispurpose.

Question 34

___________ is NOT a characteristic that usually leads to higher
member satisfaction.

a. Mandatory attendance
b. Being in the working stage
c. Voluntary attendance
d. Being in the termination stage

Answer 34

a. Mandatory attendance

Mandatory attendance does not lead to higher member satisfaction.