Chapter 6: General Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
How much blood does the human body contain?
8-10 pints
What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system?
blood
What are platelets?
blood components that contribute to the blood-clotting process
What is another term for white blood cells?
leukocytes
What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissues?
histology
What is one reason estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues?
to understand the effect services have on the body
What is protoplasm?
substance of which the cells of all living things are composed
What is the process of cell reproduction called?
mitosis
What is the sternum?
flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs
What part of the hand is supplied by the radial nerve and its branches?
back
What is the fluid part of the blood and lymph that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells?
plasma
What is true of the origin part of a muscle?
it is attached to the skeleton
What are structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions?
organs
Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorous levels?
so the nervous and muscular systems can function properly
What is true of the pituitary gland?
it is the most complex organ of the endocrine system
What organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?
pancreas
What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body?
hormones
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
breathing
What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system?
protecting the body from disease
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
providing the physical foundation of the body
What is osteology?
study of bones
What is a term that means “bone” and is used as a prefix in many medical terms?
os
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
moving blood through the body
What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system?
skeletal tissue