Chapter 6 - Gas Exchange Flashcards
What is Gas Exchange?
The process by which gases diffuse in and out of respiratory surface.
What is Cell Respiration?
The chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules to release energy.
Explain the role of mucus and cilia in protecting the gas exchange system from pathogens and particles.
The pathogens get trapped in the mucus as it is sticky, then the cilia moves the mucus upwards where it can be coughed up or swallowed.
What are the main features of Inhalation?
- more oxygen used to create energy
- less carbon dioxide than exhaled air.
What are the main features of Exhalation?
- more carbon dioxide produced as a waste product of energy production
- less oxygen as it has been used in respiration
State the differences between inspired and expired hair.
- Inspired has more oxygen.
- Expired has more Carbon Dioxide
- They have equal amount of nitrogen
- Expired air is warmer and moister
What is tidal volume?
The amount you breathe in and out in one normal breath.
Height between peak and trough
What is Respiratory Rate?
How many breaths you take in a certain amount of time.
What is Vital Capacity?
The maximum volume of air breathed in and out from deepest inhalation to deepest exhalation
What is the equation for Vital Capacity?
Vital Capacity = Tidal Volume x Respiratory Rate
What is Residual Volume?
Amount of air left in your lungs after you have breathed out as hard as you can.
How do you calculate the volume of air breathed in per minute?
Tidal Volume x Breathing Rate
What is Ventilation?
Rhythmic movement of animal muscles to increase gas exchange at respiratory surface.
4 features of gaseous exchange surfaces in humans.
- moist
- thin, good blood supply
- surrounded by capillaries
- large surface area
What happens during Ventilation when you breathe out?
- your diaphragm goes down
- intercostal muscles relax and rib cage falls down and in
- lungs get bigger
