Chapter 6 Energy

Question 1

Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

Answer 1

Convert by doubling the celsius number. Then subtract from the doubled number the first digit of that result. Add 32.

Question 2

What energy does to matter.

Answer 2

Energy holds matter together.

Question 3

Unit of measurement for energy.

Answer 3

joules

Question 4

Operational “definition”/description of energy

Answer 4

The ability to do work.

Question 5

Potential energy (PE)

Answer 5

the energy of position OR the energy of condition.

Question 6

Kinetic energy (KE)

Answer 6

the energy of motion.

Question 7

Richard Feynman

Answer 7

A great American physicist of 20th century. Worked on first atomic bomb and on quantum physics.

Question 8

One way to classify energy (types of energy):

Answer 8

mechanical, thermal, acoustic, electrical, magnetic, radiant, chemical, nuclear, and mass energy.

Question 9

Mechanical energy consists of both:

Answer 9

mechanical potential energy and kinetic energy,

Question 10

Calculate GPE (gravitational potential energy)

Answer 10

GPE = w x h (weight in Newtons of the object and the height it falls in meters)

Question 11

Kinetic Energy (KE) formula

Answer 11

KE = 1/2 of its mass x its speed (v) squared

Question 12

thermal motion

Answer 12

the motion of particles in matter due to their thermal energy.

Question 13

kinetic-molecular model of matter says

Answer 13

matter consists of innumerable tiny particles in constant, random motion.

Question 14

thermal energy

Answer 14

average sum of the kinetic energies of all the particles in an object.

Question 15

All particle motion ceases at:

Answer 15

absolute zero (0 Kelvin) (but absolute zero can’t be reached)

Question 16

Changes of thermal energy are noted by

Answer 16

changes in temperature

Question 17

definition of heat

Answer 17

the movement of thermal energy into or out of a system.

Question 18

cooling

Answer 18

the process of losing thermal energy

Question 19

acoustic energy

Answer 19

the transmission of energy THROUGH MATTER by particle OSCILLATIONS in BACK and FORTH VIBRATIONS (ex, explosions, vocal cords)

Question 20

Electrical energy

Answer 20

electric charges in matter that exert field forces on their surroundings.

Question 21

magnetism exerts

Answer 21

a field of force–that comes from the order and motion of electrons within atoms.

Question 22

Natural sources of magnetism

Answer 22

certain rocks, the earth, many of the largest bodies in our solar system.

Question 23

electromagnetic energy

Answer 23

two forms of the same energy and can be radiated by matter. (The motion of electrons makes magnetic fields. A rapid change in magnetic field around a wire makes electricity. )

Question 24

Chemical energy

Answer 24

the potential energy stored in chemical bonds.

Question 25

Einstein’s famous equation “E=m x c squared” tells us

Answer 25

that energy and matter are equivalent to each other.

Question 26

Two ways nuclear energy is released

Answer 26

fission (large nuclei split), and fusion (small nuclei smashed together).

Question 27

Mass energy

Answer 27

the energy you could get if you changed all of an atom’s mass into energy according to E=m x c squared.