Chapter 6 (Electronic Structure And Periodic Properties Of Elements)

Question 1

What is electric magnetic radiation?

Answer 1

A form of energy propagated by means of electric and magnetic fields the alternative we increase and decrease in intensity is a move through space.

Question 2

What are the two variables that describe waves?

Answer 2

Frequency and wavelength.

Question 3

What is frequency [v (nu)]?

Answer 3

The number of waves that pass through a given point in a second.

Question 4

What is wavelength [λ (lambda)]?

Answer 4

The distance from peak to peak on consecutive waves.

Question 5

What are the units of frequency?

Answer 5

S^ -1 or Hz (hertz).

Question 6

What are the units for wavelength?

Answer 6

Typically in (m) meters or (nm) nanometers (which is 1x10^-9).

Question 7

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

Answer 7

3.00×10 ^8 m/s = c = λv

Question 8

What is blackbody radiation?

Answer 8

No observation that as solids are heated to temperatures at or above 1000 K, they will begin to emit light (glow).

Question 9

What is the photoelectric affect?

Answer 9

The photoelectric effect states that mételas will emit electrons when illuminated by light of a certain wavelength. (Different metals respond to a different wavelengths).

Question 10

What is line spectra?

Answer 10

The characteristics electromagnetic radiation absorbed or admitted by an element, allowing for the identification of the element.

Question 11

What is the black body radiation equation?

Answer 11

E = n h v
E= energy
N= any integer
H= Planck’s constant, 6.626x10^-34

Question 12

What does the Heisenberg uncertainty principle talk about?

Answer 12

That the more accurately we know the position of an electron, the less accurately we know its velocity, and vice versa.

Question 13

What is an atomic orbital?

Answer 13

A probability distribution map that shows the most likely location of an electron relative to the nucleus of an atom it “belongs to.”

Question 14

What are the three quantum numbers and what do they represent?

Answer 14

N (the principal quantum number) = overall size and energy of the orbital.
L (the angular momentum number) = an integer that ranges from 0 to n-1, and determines the shape of the orbital.
ml (the magnetic quantum number) = specifies the orientation of the orbital. It ranges from -l to +l.

Question 15

What does Poulie’s exclusion principle state?

Answer 15

That no two electrons in an atom and have the same set of four quantum numbers. Ms being considered as it represents spin of the electron. Valued at either -1/2 or +1/2.

Question 16

The electrons in a higher energy orbitals (greater value of n) are?

Answer 16

Valence electrons.

Question 17

The electrons in the lower energy, inner orbitals are called?

Answer 17

Core electrons.

Question 18

T/F covalent atomic radius increase as you go down a group and decrease as you go from left to right into a period?

Answer 18

False. The radius decreases as you go down in group and increases as you go left to right.

Question 19

What is ionization energy?

Answer 19

The measurement of energy needed to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion decreases as you go down a group and increases as you go left to right across a period.

Question 20

What is electron affinity?

Answer 20

The energy change that occurs in an electron is added to a gaseous atom to form an anion. elements that really like to gain electrons (like the halogens) have large negative (exothermic) electron affinities.