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Science > Chapter 6 Ecosystems/Biomes > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Ecosystems/Biomes Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What is a habitat?

A

A place that provides all the living things an organism needs to live.

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1
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

All living and non living things in an area and their interaction.

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2
Q

What is a population?

A

A group of organisms of one species.

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3
Q

What is a community?

A

The group of all populations in an area.

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4
Q

What is ecology?

A

A branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms.

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5
Q

What is a predator?

A

A consumer that hunts and eats other animals.

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6
Q

What is prey?

A

Animal hunted by others for food.

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7
Q

What is a producer?

A

An organism that makes their own food.

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8
Q

What is consumer?

A

An organism that can’t produce their own food and rely on producers.

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9
Q

What’s a decompser?

A

Organisms that get energy by breaking down dead waste and dead organisms.

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10
Q

What is food chain?

A

A series of steps that show how energy moves from one living thing to another.

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11
Q

What is a food web?

A

A diagram that combines many food chains.

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12
Q

What is environment?

A

All the conditions surrounding an organism.

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13
Q

What is competition?

A

The fight between organism for limited resources.

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14
Q

What is Pollution?

A

Any substance that damages the environment.

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15
Q

What is Conservation?

A

To protect an environment from harmful changes.

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16
Q

What is abiotic?

A

Non living organisms

17
Q

What is biotic?

A

Living organisms

18
Q

List the following from smallest to largest:

Population, organism, ecosystem, community

A

Organism, population, community, ecosystem

19
Q

Describe the biome: desert

A

Very hot and dry. An example of an organism that can live there is cactus because the cactus can store water.

20
Q

Describe the biome: tundra

A

Very cold. An animal that can live there is the artic fox because their thick coats help with the cold.

21
Q

Describe the biome: tropical rain forest

A

Warm and rainy. The shapes of the leaves help collect rain water.

22
Q

Describe the biome: taiga

A

Harsh, very cold winters and soil is low in nutrients. Squirrels can live off the berries and insects.

23
Q

Describe the biome: mixed forest

A

Has 4 distinct seasons. Raccoons, deer and bears are common here.

24
Q

Describe the biome: prairie

A

Plains of grass. Prairie dogs live here because they have sharp claws to dig.

25
Q

Describe the biome: coastal wetland

A

Water partly covers the land. Frogs live here because they can survive in the water.

26
Q

What’s another name for taiga and mixed forest?

A

Boreal forest and deciduous forest

27
Q

Scientist that studied chimps?

A

Jane Goodall

28
Q

What is one ecosystem in MO and list 3 biotic and abiotic factors in that system?

A

Mixed forest (deciduous forest)
Biotic factors: trees, animals, grass
Abiotic factors: air, water, sunlight

29
Q

Describe an energy flow:

A

Producer-primary consumer-secondary consumer-tertiary consumer-decompser- back to producer

30
Q

Why are decomposes important?

A

They return energy to other organisms.

31
Q

Give an example of a food chain:

A

Grass-rabbit-hawk

32
Q

What’s the difference between a food chain and a food web?

A

Food chain describes energy flow in one direction. A food web shows many food chains and how they interact.

33
Q

Give an example of a producer:

A

Grass

34
Q

Give an example of a primary consumer:

A

Deer

35
Q

What’s an example of a secondary consumer?

A

Coyote

36
Q

What’s an example of a decomposer?

A

Bacteria

37
Q

Describe 3 types of symbiosis:

A

Commensalism: a relationship where one species gets something from another without harming the other. (Spider gets to build a web in a tree, but doesn’t harm the tree)
Parasitic: one species takes from another without killing the host. (A mosquito bites a human for a meal, human loses blood but survives)
Mutualistism: both species benefit. (Bees get nectar from flowers while spreading pollen)

38
Q

Describe 3 natural occurrences that may cause change in an ecosystem:

A

Rocks being broken down by weather; lightening strike causing a forest fire; locusts eating farm fields.

39
Q

What are ways humans can affect an ecosystem?

A

Pollution is a negative affect while new plants and animals is positive.

40
Q

What are two ways humans can protect an environment?

A

Regulations (rules) and conserve (protect)

41
Q

How does a non native affect an ecosystem?

A

They can cause harm because they didn’t grow there naturally.

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