Chapter 6 Ecosystems/Biomes Flashcards
What is a habitat?
A place that provides all the living things an organism needs to live.
What is an ecosystem?
All living and non living things in an area and their interaction.
What is a population?
A group of organisms of one species.
What is a community?
The group of all populations in an area.
What is ecology?
A branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms.
What is a predator?
A consumer that hunts and eats other animals.
What is prey?
Animal hunted by others for food.
What is a producer?
An organism that makes their own food.
What is consumer?
An organism that can’t produce their own food and rely on producers.
What’s a decompser?
Organisms that get energy by breaking down dead waste and dead organisms.
What is food chain?
A series of steps that show how energy moves from one living thing to another.
What is a food web?
A diagram that combines many food chains.
What is environment?
All the conditions surrounding an organism.
What is competition?
The fight between organism for limited resources.
What is Pollution?
Any substance that damages the environment.
What is Conservation?
To protect an environment from harmful changes.
What is abiotic?
Non living organisms
What is biotic?
Living organisms
List the following from smallest to largest:
Population, organism, ecosystem, community
Organism, population, community, ecosystem
Describe the biome: desert
Very hot and dry. An example of an organism that can live there is cactus because the cactus can store water.
Describe the biome: tundra
Very cold. An animal that can live there is the artic fox because their thick coats help with the cold.
Describe the biome: tropical rain forest
Warm and rainy. The shapes of the leaves help collect rain water.
Describe the biome: taiga
Harsh, very cold winters and soil is low in nutrients. Squirrels can live off the berries and insects.
Describe the biome: mixed forest
Has 4 distinct seasons. Raccoons, deer and bears are common here.
Describe the biome: prairie
Plains of grass. Prairie dogs live here because they have sharp claws to dig.
Describe the biome: coastal wetland
Water partly covers the land. Frogs live here because they can survive in the water.
What’s another name for taiga and mixed forest?
Boreal forest and deciduous forest
Scientist that studied chimps?
Jane Goodall
What is one ecosystem in MO and list 3 biotic and abiotic factors in that system?
Mixed forest (deciduous forest)
Biotic factors: trees, animals, grass
Abiotic factors: air, water, sunlight
Describe an energy flow:
Producer-primary consumer-secondary consumer-tertiary consumer-decompser- back to producer
Why are decomposes important?
They return energy to other organisms.
Give an example of a food chain:
Grass-rabbit-hawk
What’s the difference between a food chain and a food web?
Food chain describes energy flow in one direction. A food web shows many food chains and how they interact.
Give an example of a producer:
Grass
Give an example of a primary consumer:
Deer
What’s an example of a secondary consumer?
Coyote
What’s an example of a decomposer?
Bacteria
Describe 3 types of symbiosis:
Commensalism: a relationship where one species gets something from another without harming the other. (Spider gets to build a web in a tree, but doesn’t harm the tree)
Parasitic: one species takes from another without killing the host. (A mosquito bites a human for a meal, human loses blood but survives)
Mutualistism: both species benefit. (Bees get nectar from flowers while spreading pollen)
Describe 3 natural occurrences that may cause change in an ecosystem:
Rocks being broken down by weather; lightening strike causing a forest fire; locusts eating farm fields.
What are ways humans can affect an ecosystem?
Pollution is a negative affect while new plants and animals is positive.
What are two ways humans can protect an environment?
Regulations (rules) and conserve (protect)
How does a non native affect an ecosystem?
They can cause harm because they didn’t grow there naturally.
