Chapter 6 Earthquakes,Geologic Structures & Mountain Buildings

Question 0

The study of earthquake waves

Answer 0

Seismology

Question 1

Vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy

Answer 1

Earthquake

Question 2

Types of seismic waves

Answer 2

Surface waves
Body waves
–primary waves
–secondary waves

Question 3

The place within earth where earthquake waves originate

Answer 3

Focus

Question 4

Location on the surface directly above the focus

Answer 4

Epicenter

Question 5

Two measurements that describe the size of an earthquake are?

Answer 5

Intensity

Magnitude

Question 6

Result from vertical displacement along a fault located on the ocean floor or a large undersea landslide triggered by an earthquake

Answer 6

Tsunamis or Seismic sea waves

Question 7

Three principal compositional layers

Answer 7

Crust
Mantle
Core

Question 8

• consist of crust and uppermost mantle
• Relatively cool, RIGID SHELL
• avg about 100k in thickness, but may be 250k or more thick beneath the older portions of the continents

Answer 8

Lithosphere

Question 9

Beneath the lithosphere, in the upper mantle

Answer 9

Asthenosphere

Question 10

Composed mostly of an iron-mickle alloy

Answer 10

Outer Core

Question 11

Rocks on both sides of an existing fault are deformed by

Answer 11

Tectonic Forces

Question 12

Major earthquake zones are?

Answer 12

Circum-Pacific belt and the

Oceanic-Ridge System

Question 13

Lower mantle is also called

Answer 13

Mesosphere

Question 14

All changes in the orginal form and/or size of a rock body

Answer 14

Deformation

Question 15

During crustal deformation rocks are often bent into a series of wave-like undulations called

Answer 15

Folds

Question 16

Common types of folds

Answer 16

Anticline- upfolded or arched rock layers
Syncline- downfolds or troughs of rock layers

Others:
Dome
Basin

Question 17

Fractures in rocks along which appreciable displacement has taken place

Answer 17

Faults

Question 18

When Two ocean plates converge and one is sub ducted beneath the other

Answer 18

Island Arcs

Question 19

The process that collectively produce a mountain belt

Answer 19

Orogenesis

Question 20

A________is a chaotic accumulation of deformed and thrust-faulted sediments and scraps of oceanic crust

Answer 20

Accretionary Wedge

Question 21

Prolonged __________ may thicken an accretionary wedge enough so it protrudes above sea level

Answer 21

Subduction

Question 22

Accreted crustal blocks

Answer 22

Terranes