Chapter 6: Disorders of Stress and Trauma Flashcards
What is stress?
A situation that puts a challenge on an organism. An internal response to a demand.
Autonomic NS
Nerve fibers that connect the CNS to all other organs in the body. Controls involuntary actions
Which NS is activated when a stressor is encountered?
Sympathetic NS
Sympathetic NS
Group of ANS that quicken heartbeat and other changes that we experience as fear and anxiety. Stimulates organs directly or indirectly (hormones)
This NS ‘stores’ energy
Parasympathetic NS
How does the adrenal medula work?
When stimulated by SNS epinephrine and norepinephrine are released. These travel through the blood to various organs/muscles
What does the parasympathetic NS do?
Returns body to normal
How does the hypothalamatic-pituitary-adrenal axis work?
Hypothal signals pit gland to secrete adrenocorticotropic horomone (ACTH). ACTH stimulates outer lauer of adrenal glands and adrenal cortex, triggering release of corticosteroids (group of stress horomones including cortisol). The corticosteroids travel throughout the body to produce arousal.
What % of acute stress disorder cases turn into PTSD?
50%
PTSD often ____ with other diseases
cooccurs
Acute stress disorder
Fear symptoms after trauma that develop within 4 weeks OR last for less than 1 month.
PTSD
Fear symptoms after trauma that develop after 4 weeks OR last for more than 1 month.
What are some common feelings among those with PTSD?
Increased arousal and negative emotions, guilt, reliving trauma, avoidance, reduced responsiveness, withdrawal and disassociation.
PTSD ____ the risk of suicide
Increases
Emotional disregulation
Extreme flux in emotions (anxiety, depression, anger)
What % will have a stress disorder at some point?
7%
What % of those with a stress disorder seek treatment
50%
What % of those with a stress disorder attempt suicide?
20%
PTSD are __x as likely to attempt suicide
2x
Low income people are ___x as likely to develop stress disorder
2x
PTSD is most common among ____. ___% of people experience trauma at some point.
Women, non-white. 60%
Fight or flight involves these two systems
Sympathetic and HPA
What do corticosteroids do?
Group of stress horomones, released by adrenal glands and cortex. Travel throughout the body to produce arousal.
What does ACTH do?
Produced by pit. Hypothal signals pit to secrete ACTH. Stimulates adrenal glands and cortex to release corticosteroids.
What do norepinephrine and epinephrine do?
What % of women experience sexual assault?
1/5
____-____% of Afghanistan and Iraq vets will develop PTSD
10-30%
____% of women are victims of rape
20-25%
___% of victims of rape develop PTSD
33%
______ cases of rape are reported each year
100,00. This is much lower than estimates
What can trigger PTSD
Combat, disasters/accidents/illness (most common), victimization.
___% of people with serious illness will develop PTSD
25%
