Chapter 6- Chemistry (AOLP) Flashcards
Two ways to satisfy the octet rule
Gaining/donating valence electrons to another atom (Ionic)
Sharing valence electrons w/ another atom (covalent)
How to know the number of valence electrons?
Look at the group number; ex. Phosphorus is group 5A, so it has 5 valence electrons
Electron Dot Diagram
Show valence electrons around the element
The second element in an ionic compound ends in…
-ide
Criss-cross
Cancel out if both have the same # charge, switch the charges to put them as subscripts
Fe₂O₃ (note the small subscript) name (in words)
Iron III Oxide
Covalent bonds form between…
two nonmetals
Ionic bonds form between…
one metal and one nonmetal
the prefix ____ is never used on the ____ element
“mono” , first
Ionic compounds attributes
high melting point, high boiling point, hard, brittle, poor electric conductivity in the solid state, good electric conductivity in liquid, good electric conductivity when dissolved in water - solid at room temp
Molecular (covalent) compound attributes
generally low melting+boiling points, variable water solubility, and poor electric conductivity
- can be gas, solid, or liquid at room temp
name : CaO
calcium oxide
name: N₂O₄
dinitrogen tetraoxide
When to put parenthesis?
Put parenthesis when crisscrossing, not when you just cross a one
Is hydrogen a metal or a nonmetal?
NONMETAL!
