Ch 3 and 4 Review

Question 1

A is generally a poor conductor of heat and electricity. It has a wide range of chemical properties. A also tends to gain electrons. A is

Answer 1

a nonmetal

Question 2

Blimps were once filled using hydrogen, but now helium is used instead. Why is helium a better choice than hydrogen?

Answer 2

Hydrogen is flammable, helium isn’t

Question 3

Which particles account for nearly all of the mass of the atom?

Answer 3

protons and neutrons

Question 4

All the elements in the family have the:

Answer 4

Same number of valence electrons

Question 5

The plum pudding model of an atom was proposed by

Answer 5

J.J. Thomson

Question 6

Across a period, the effective nuclear charge increases and therefore it becomes ____ to remove an electron.

Answer 6

Harder

Question 7

Where are neutrons located?

Answer 7

In the nucleus, along with protons

Question 8

Who discovered the nucleus of the atom?

Answer 8

Ernest Rutherford

Question 9

T/F Mass is always conserved in chemical reactions

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What happens when an electron is removed from an atom?

Answer 10

A positive charge remains

Question 11

The second series of inner transition elements are called…

Answer 11

actinides

Question 12

What is a correct explanation of the Plum Pudding model?

Answer 12

The protons are the pudding and the electrons are scattered like pieces of plum.

Question 13

Dalton believed that atoms are

Answer 13

Tiny, indestructible, and indivisible

Question 14

Which scientist discovered the electron?

Answer 14

J.J. Thomson

Question 15

The mass of a neutron is close to the mass of…

Answer 15

the nucleus

Question 16

T/F The outer electrons shield the inner electrons from the positive charge of the nucleus

Answer 16

False, It’s the opposite

Question 17

Periods are…

Answer 17

Horizontal

Question 18

Groups are…

Answer 18

Vertical

Question 19

What is the only nonmetal that is liquid at room temperature?

Answer 19

Bromine

Question 20

T/F The nucleus is a positively charged region at the center of an atom, which consists of protons and electrons

Answer 20

True

Question 21

The first series of inner transition elements are called…

Answer 21

lanthanides

Question 22

Nonmetals have ____ ionization and ____ electronegativity

Answer 22

high, high

Question 23

What’s the purpose of the stairs in the periodic table?

Answer 23

To separate nonmetals and metals, also to distinguish the transition metals.

Question 24

_____ are poor conductors of electricity

Answer 24

nonmetals

Question 25

Who created the Periodic Table?

Answer 25

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 26

T/F Halogens are gases at room temperature

Answer 26

false

Question 27

How many periods in the periodic table?

Answer 27

7

Question 28

How many families in the periodic table?

Answer 28

18

Question 29

T/F Mendeleev used atomic numbers to organize his table

Answer 29

False, the nucleus hadn’t been discovered yet

Question 30

What is electronegativity?

Answer 30

A chemical property that exhbibits periodicity

Question 31

Why do noble gases rarely form ions?

Answer 31

Noble gases don’t form compounds, the noble gases are already complete.

Question 32

Draw Dalton’s Atom

Answer 32

It should be a solid sphere

Question 33

What are Isotopes?

Answer 33

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and the same number of protons.

Question 34

Metals are the ones who usually ____ electrons

Answer 34

lose

Question 35

What is group 1 called and what’s their charge? How many electrons do they gain/lose?

Answer 35

Alkali metals, positive charge, lose 1 electron

Question 36

What is group 2 called and what’s their charge? How many electrons do they gain/lose??

Answer 36

Alkaline earth metals, positive charge, loses 2 electrons

Question 37

What are groups 3-12?

Answer 37

Transition metals