Chapter 6 - Building Construction Flashcards
An older type of wood frame construction in which the wall studs extend vertically from the basement of a structure to the roof without any fire stops
Balloon-frame construction
A tress that is curved on the top and straight on the bottom.
Bowstring truss
The property describing whether a material will burn and how quickly it will burn
Combustability
Buildings constructed since about 1970 that incorporate lightweight construction techniques and engineered wood components. these buildings exhibit less resistance to fire than older buildings.
Contemporary construction
Non-bearing walls that seperate the inside and outside of the building but are not part of the support structure for the building.
Curtain wall
A roof with a curved shape
Curved roof
The weight of all materials incorporated into the building but not limited to walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, stairways, built in partitions, finishes, cladding and other similarly incorparoated architectural and structural items, and fixed service equipment including the weight of cranes (NFPA 5000)
Dead Load
A wall, other than a fire wall, having a fire-resistance rating (NFPA 5000)
Fire barrier Wall
Any combination of a fire door, frame, hardware, and other accessories that together provide a specific degree of fire protection to the opening (NFPA 80)
Fire door assembly
The measure of the ability of a material, product, or assembly to withstand fire or give protection from it. (NFPA 251)
Fire resistance
A horizontal or vertical fire resistance-rated assembly of materials that have protected openings and are designed to restrict the spread of fire (NFPA 45)
Fire separation
A wall separating buildings or subdividing a building to prevent the spread of fire and having a fire-resistance rating and structural stability. (NFPA 5000)
Fire Wall
A window assembly rated in accordance with NFPA 257 and installed in accordance with NFPA 80 (NFPA 5000)
Fire window
A horizontal roof; often found on commercial or industrial occupancies
Flat roof
Thick peices of glass are similar to bricks or tiles
Glass blocks
Connecting plate made of a thin sheet of steel used to connect the components of a truss. May also be referred to as a gang nail
Gusset plate
A naturally occuring material consisting of calcium sulfate and water molecules
Gypsum
The generic name for a family of sheet products consisting of a non-combustible core primarily of gypsum with paper surfacing (NFPA 5000)
Gypsum board
A building that does not fit entirely into any of the five construction types becaiuse it incorporates building materials of more than one type.
Hybrid building
The exposed surfaces of walls, ceilings, and floors with buildings (NFPA 5000)
Interior finish
Safety glass; the process places a thin layer of plastic between two layers of glass so that the glass does not shatter and fall apart when broken.
Laminated glass
Pieces of wood that are glued together
Laminated wood
An older type of construction that used sawn lumber and was built before about 1970
Legacy construction
The load produced by the use and occupancy of the building or other structure, which does not include construction or environmental loads such as wind load, snow load, rain load, earthquake load, flood load, or dead load. On a roof, it is produced (1) during the maintenance by workers, equipment and materials and (2) during the life of the structure by movable objects such as planters and by people (NFPA 5000)
Live load
A wall that supports any vertical load in addtion to its own weight or any lateral load
Load bearing wall
A structure, transportable in one or more sections, which, in the travelling mode, is 2.4m (8 body ft) or more in width or 12m (40 body ft) or more in length or, when erected on site, is 29.7m^2 (320ft^2) or more and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling, with or without a permanent foundation, when connected to the required utilities, and includes plumbing, heating, air-conditioning and electrical systems contained therein (NFPA 5000)
Manufactured Home
Built-up unit of construction or combination of materials such as clay, shale, concreete, glass, gypsum, tile, or stone set in mortar, (NFPA 5000)
Masonry
Any wall that is not a bearing wall (NFPA 5000)
Nonbearing wall
The purpose for which a building or other structure, or part thereof, is used or intended to be used (NFPA 5000)
Occupancy
An engineered wood product manufactured from small pieces of wood that are held together with glue or adhesives. The adhesives include urea-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins and polyurethane resins
Oriented strand board
A truss in which the top and bottom chords are parallel
Parallel chord truss
A wall constructed on the line between two properties
Party wall
A type of truss specifically used to support a sloping roof
Pitched chord truss
A roof with sloping or inclined surfaces
Pitched roof
Construction technique for building the frame of the structure one floor at a time. Each floor has a top and bottom plate that acts as a firestop
Platform frame construction
Joists that are mounted in an inclined position to support a roof
Rafters
Chipping or pitting of concrete or masonry surfaces (NFPA 921)
Spalling
A type of safety glass that is heat treated so that, under stress or fire, it will break into small pieces that are not as dangerous
Tempered glass
A property that describes how quickly material will conduct heat
Thermal conductivity
Plastic material capable of being repeatedly softened by heating and hardened by cooling and that, in the softened state, can be repeatedly shaped by molding or forming (NFPA 5000)
Thermoplastic material
Plastic material that, after having been cured by heat or other means, is substantially infusible and cannot be softened and formed (NFPA 5000)
Thermoset Material
A collection of lightweight structural components joined in a triangular configuration that can be used to support either floors or roofs.
Truss
The type of construction in which the fire walls, strucural elements, walls, arches, floors, and roofs are of approved non-combustible or limited combustible materials that have a specified fire resistance
Type 1 construction
The type of construction in which the fire walls, structural elements, walls, arches, floors and roofs are of approved non-combustible or limited combustible materials without fire resistance.
Type II construction
The type of construction in which exterior walls and structural elements that are portions of exterior walls are of approved noncombustible or limited combustible materials and in which fire walls, interior structural elements, walls, arches, floors, and roofs are entirely or partially of wood of smaller dimensions than required for type IV construction or are of approved noncombustible, limited-combustible, or other approved combustible materials (NFPA 14)
Type III Construction
The type of construction in which fire walls, exterior walls, and interior bearing walls and structural elements that are portions of such walls are of approved non-combustible or limited combustible materials. Other interior structural elements, arches, floors, and roofs are constructed of solid or laminated wood or cross-laminated timber without concealed spaces within allowable dimensions of the building code. (NFPA 14)
Type IV construction
The construction in which structural elements, walls, arches, floors, and roofs are entirely or partially of wood or other approved material (NFPA 14).
Type V construction
A glazing material with embedded wire mesh
Wired glass
An assembly of small pieces of wood or wood and metal
Wood truss
Load-bearing member assembled from individual wood components.
Wooden beam
