chapter 6: body coordination Flashcards
metabolism
What role does it play in the body?
the chemical processes that maintain life and allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures and respond to their environments.
enzymes
What are they?
they are catalysts / proteins
enzymes
How do they work in the body?
they speed up all the reactions in the body
enzymes
What is the lock and key model? How does an enzyme match up with a substrate?
The lock and key model describes how the enzymes and substrates fit together.
Each enzyme has a particular shape that will only allow the shape of a particular product to fit it.
digestive system
Pathway nutrients take following digestion
stomach breaks down food —> small intestines
digestive system
Breakdown of macronutrients
macronutrients
—> protein breaks down into amino acids —> carbohydrates break down into glucose —> lipids break down into fatty acids and glycerol
digestive system
What role does digestion play?
breaking down our food into smaller substances
digestive system
Characteristics of the small intestine
- lined with villi walls
* folded to increase surface area
respiration
How does respiration occur?
breathing
respiration
How does oxygen move in and out?
via diffusion
respiration
Where is this occurring?
?
circulation
How does your heart beat
the rhythm of the heartbeat is initiated by a small patch of muscle called a pacemaker (or SA node)
circulation
What is the function of a pacemaker and how does it work?
it keeps your heart beating. SA, AV nodes send electrical impulses through your heart (which causes it to beat) a pacemaker does this for you.
nervous
Central and peripheral nervous system (what do they do)
CNS - brain, spinal cord
PNS - nuerons, senses
(nuerons - motor - muscular movements
- sensory)
nervous
Parts of the Autonomic nervous system
operates without thinking. e.g H.R, pupils, sweating
parasympathetic —> sleep, decrease H. R, calm
sympathetic —> plight or flight, increase adrenaline etc.
