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Science 7 > Chapter 6 Bacteria > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Bacteria Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Why do biologists classify organisms

A

Because they’re easier to study

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1
Q

What I is grouping thing based on similarities known as

A

Classification

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2
Q

What is the scientific study of how things are classified

A

Taxonomy

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3
Q

Who was the first scientist to create a classification system

A

Aristotle

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4
Q

What 3 groups did Aristotle classify organisms by

A

Those that fly
Those that swim
And those that walk, crawl, or run

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5
Q

What did Aristotle use to classify organisms

A

He used careful observations

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6
Q

Who expanded on aristotles idea

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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7
Q

How did Linnaeus group organisms

A

Observational features

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8
Q

What is the naming system which give s each organism a two part name

A

Binomial nomenclature

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9
Q

What is the first part of the binomial nomenclature

A

The genus

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10
Q

What is the 2 part of the binomial nomenclature

A

The species

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11
Q

What language is used when writing scientific names

A

Latin

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12
Q

What do you do when you type scientific names

A

You use italics

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13
Q

Do you underline scientific names when writing them

A

Yes

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14
Q

What do you capitilize or not when you write scientific names

A

You capitilize the genus and the species is lowercase

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15
Q

What are the levels of classification

A

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species

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16
Q

What is a field guide

A

Books with illustrations showing differences of similar looking organisms

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17
Q

What is a taxonomic key

A

A series of paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of different organisms

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18
Q

How many and what kingdoms did Linnaeus’ first system contain

A

2 kingdoms and they were plants and animal kingdoms

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19
Q

How kingdoms are in the modern system of classification

A

6

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20
Q

What does archaebacteria mean and why

A

It means ancient bacteria because they resemble earths earliest life forms

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21
Q

Are archaebacteria autotrophs or heterotrophs

A

Both

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22
Q

Are archaebacteria prokaryotes

A

Yes

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23
Q

Are archaebacteria uni or multi cellular

A

Unicellular

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24
Q

What kingdom is both heterotrophs and autotrophs, eukaryotes, and multicellular and unicellular

A

Eubacteria

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25
Q

What is different about eubacteria

A

They have a different chemical make up from other bacteria

26
Q

What are Protista sometimes called

A

The odds and ends kingdom

27
Q

Are protists both autotroph and heterotrophs or both

A

Both

28
Q

Are protists eukaryote

A

Yes

29
Q

Are protists unicellular, multicellular, or both

A

Both

30
Q

What kingdom is autotrophic, eukaryotes, and multicellular

A

Plants

31
Q

What kingdom is heterotrophic, eukaryotes, unicellular, and multicellular

A

Fungi

32
Q

Are animals heterotrophs, eukaryotes, and multicellular

A

Yes

33
Q

What are 3 bacteria cell shapes

A

Round, rod, and spiral

34
Q

What types of conditions do archaebacteria live in

A

Extreme conditions

35
Q

Where do eubacteria live

A

Everywhere else that archaebacteria don’t live

36
Q

What is binary fission

A

A process in which one cell divides to form 2 identical cells

37
Q

What does asexual reproduction produce

A

Offspring that are identical to parent cells

38
Q

How fast can asexual reproduction take

A

20 minutes

39
Q

What is conjugation

A

One bacteria transfers some of its genetic material into another cell

40
Q

What does sexual reproduction create

A

Offspring that are different from each parent and patent cell

41
Q

What two ways can bacteria take in food

A

Autotrophic and heterotrophic

42
Q

What is aerobic respiration

A

Obtaining energy using oxygen

43
Q

What is anaerobic respiration

A

Obtaining energy without oxygen

44
Q

Why do endospores form

A

If environment is stressful

45
Q

What do endospores contain

A

Genetic material, cytoplasm, and protein coating

46
Q

What can endospores resist

A

Freezing

47
Q

How much methane can bacteria produce

A

20%

48
Q

What foods have bacteria

A

Swiss Cheese, yogurt, apple cider, and sour cream

49
Q

What is a decomposer

A

Something that lives in soil and break down dead things

50
Q

What can bacteria clean up

A

Oils spills

51
Q

What are diseases

A

Illnesses that pass from one organism to another

52
Q

What are examples of direct contact

A

Touching, kissing, and hugging

53
Q

What is an example of indirect contact

A

Inhaling and sharing drinks

54
Q

What are ways to prevent food spoilage

A

Drying, heating, salting, cooling, and sugar

55
Q

What is a virus

A

A small no living particle that invaded and reproduces inside cells

56
Q

Why are viruses considered nonliving

A

Because they can not take in food, cannot reproduce without a host, and acts like a parasite

57
Q

What is a viruses structure like

A

A variety of shapes and sizes the outside is a protein coat and the inside is genetic material

58
Q

What is a hidden virus

A

Can remain dormant

59
Q

What does a cell release when it burst

A

New viruses

60
Q

Is there a cure for a viral disease

A

No

61
Q

What does a vaccine do

A

Causes body to reproduce chemicals that destroy viruses or bacteria

62
Q

What can medicines do when you get viruses

A

They relieve symptoms

Science 7 (3 decks)

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