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Science 7 > Chapter 2- DNA/RNA/Protien sythesis > Flashcards

Chapter 2- DNA/RNA/Protien sythesis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Where is Dna found and this is inside what

A

Found in chromatin inside the nucleus

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1
Q

What does DNA stand for

A

Deoxyribose nucleic acid

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2
Q

Who discovered DNA

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

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3
Q

What did Rosalind Franklin do

A

She x-rayed DNA

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4
Q

What structure is DNA

A

Double helix

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5
Q

What is the sugar in the sides of the DNA

A

Deoxyribose

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6
Q

What other substance other than deoxyribose is in the sides of DNA

A

Phosphate

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7
Q

What pairs with adenine

A

Thymine

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8
Q

What pairs with cytosine

A

Guanine

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9
Q

What does thymine pair with

A

Adenine

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10
Q

What does guanine pair with

A

Cytosine

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11
Q

What is DNA called when it’s copied incorrect

A

A mutation

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12
Q

What are the steps of DNA replication

A
  1. DNA unwinds
  2. DNA unzips (bonds break)
  3. new bases in nucleus pair up
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13
Q

What build up the DNA structure

A

Nitrogen based

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14
Q

What does DNA coil up into

A

Chromatin

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15
Q

What are genes

A

Sections in chromosomes that code specific traits

16
Q

What is one side of a chromosome called

A

A chromatid

17
Q

What hold together chromatids

A

Centromeres

18
Q

How many chromosomes are in one human cell

A

46

19
Q

What are proteins made of

A

Amino acids

20
Q

How many amino acids are arranged differently to make proteins

A

20

21
Q

The order of the nitrogen bases along a gene forms a genetic code of what will be produced

A

Protein

22
Q

What is producing proteins called

A

Protein synthesis

23
Q

Where are proteins made and where are the producers found

A

Ribosomes in the cytoplasm

24
Q

Where are chromatin and chromosomes found

A

The nucleus

25
Q

Who is the genetic messenger

A

MRNA

26
Q

How many strands does RNA have

A

1

27
Q

What sugar does RNA have

A

Ribose

28
Q

What replaces thymine in RNA

A

Uracil

29
Q

Where is RNA made

A

The nucleus

30
Q

Where does RNA travel

A

The ribosomes

31
Q

What form of RNA copies and carries the message from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm

A

MRNA / messenger

32
Q

What form of RNA carries amino acids and adds them to the growing protein

A

TRNA / transfer

33
Q

What RNA builds ribosomes

A

rRNA

34
Q

Transcription is what

A

It makes copy of DNA

35
Q

What is translation

A

It reads the code to make protein

Science 7 (3 decks)

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