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THE 107 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Which best describes a purpose of film editing?

A

To break down scenes into many shots

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2
Q

Which type of editing involves briefly superimposing the end of one shot with the beginning of another?

A

Dissolve

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3
Q

In The Birds, why was the scene of the attack at the Bodega Bay waterfront edited as a sequence of four shots? (Click on image to enlarge.)

A

To make the bird attack more startling

To control pacing

To isolate and emphasize the action

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4
Q

Which of the following is NOT a basic dimension of film editing?

A

Cultural

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5
Q

When considering the graphic relationship between sequential shots, which of the following would be a purely pictorial quality?

A

Predominant color

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6
Q

What are some of the processes involved in film editing?

A

Assembling shots into an order

Trimming shots to a desired length

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7
Q

Sequential shots that are linked by close pictorial similarities make a ______.

A

graphic match

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8
Q

Before digital editing, how was a cut made?

A

By splicing two shots together

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9
Q

How does Hitchcock create graphic contrast in the shots represented by these images from The Birds? (Click on image to enlarge.)

A

Stillness vs. rapid movement

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10
Q

In the cut between these shots (the woman in the first shot and the gas station in the second) from The Birds, what is the film-editing convention that is being followed? (Click on image to enlarge.)

A

The image in the second shot is what is seen by the woman looking in the first shot.

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11
Q

Which dimension of film editing best describes a contrast of lighting between shot A and shot B?

A

Graphic

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12
Q

What is the most important aspect when considering the rhythmic possibilities in editing?

A

Length of a shot

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13
Q

What is a common approach to establish graphic continuity across two shots?

A

Maintaining the focal point of the composition

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14
Q

What are some general uses of flash-frames?

A

Mark a transition

Signal a flashback

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15
Q

What feature of these two shots from True Stories creates a graphic match? (Click on image to enlarge.)

A

The horizon line

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16
Q

How does Hitchcock increase excitement during the gas station scene in The Birds through editing?

A

Each shot becomes increasingly shorter.

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17
Q

Michelle is editing a film and choosing the shot that will follow a medium shot in which two women are walking together on a city sidewalk. Which shot would likely result in the least graphic contrast?

A

A medium close-up of two women crossing a street at a stop sign

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18
Q

What is the shortest length any one shot can be?

A

1 frame

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19
Q

What is it called when parts of different shots are digitally combined into a single shot?

A

Intra-frame editing

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20
Q

The main purpose of flash-frames is to provide ______.

A

one-off accents

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21
Q

Which of the following statements describe the Kuleshov effect?

A

Which of the following statements describe the Kuleshov effect?

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22
Q

How would a filmmaker use editing to slow down the rhythm of a scene?

A

Gradually lengthen the shots

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23
Q

What is the type of editing in which portions of a space are cut together to imply a spatial whole, without the use of an establishing shot?

A

Constructive editing

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24
Q

The primary way of establishing story chronology is by deciding the ______ of shots.

A

order

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25
Q

When a film presents a future event, then returns to the present, it has employed ______.

A

flashforward

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26
Q

A filmmaker who starts with a shot that establishes a spatial whole and follows with a shot of only part of this space is using ______ editing.

A

analytical

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27
Q

What technique is used to condense story time?

A

Elliptical editing

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28
Q

By NOT showing the whole space in this shot, these images reveal the use of ______. (Click on image to enlarge.)

A

constructive editing

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29
Q

When a filmmaker uses an establishing shot to show space, then follows with a closer shot of only part of the space, it is known as ______.

A

analytical editing

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30
Q

What effect can overlapping editing have?

A

It emphasizes a certain moment.

It prolongs the action.

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31
Q

Which presents one or more shots out of their presumed story order?

A

Flashbacks

32
Q

What is the primary driving force behind continuity editing?

A

Narrative flow

33
Q

What film uses a flashforward to show the outcome of a story event?

A

The Godfather

34
Q

What element is used to define a semicircular area, where the camera can be placed to present the action?

A

Axis of action

35
Q

Which are commonly used to adjust story time?

A

Cutting to an empty frame

Cutaway shots

36
Q

What is the primary goal of the 180° system?

A

To represent space clearly

37
Q

Which of the following statements describe the Kuleshov effect?

A

Cuts influence the way in which viewers interpret an actor’s expression.

Editing can imply a spatial whole, even when it is not shown onscreen.

38
Q

What is often outlined in an establishing shot?

A

The axis of action

39
Q

When the action from the end of one shot is partially repeated at the start of the next, it is known as ______ editing.

A

overlapping

40
Q

What kind of shot shows the opposite end of the axis of action?

A

Reverse shot

41
Q

Which is typical in continuity editing?

A

Long shots are left on the screen for more time than close-ups.

42
Q

What is true when eyeline match is used?

A

One character is looking offscreen.

The looker and object are never onscreen simultaneously.

43
Q

Which of the following are ensured by using the 180° system of spatial continuity?

A

Consistent relative position in the frame

Consistent screen direction

44
Q

What is the common pattern of spatial film editing used in classical continuity style?

A

Establishment, breakdown, reestablishment

45
Q

Which of the following results when using the 180°system?

A

Relative positions remain consistent.

46
Q

What needs to be consistent to use match on action successfully?

A

Screen direction

Use of props

Axis of action

47
Q

The primary purpose of the establishing shot is to delineate the ______.

A

overall space of the setting

48
Q

What is being “cheated” in a cheat cut?

A

Mise-en-scene

49
Q

On what does a shot/reverse-shot pattern depend?

A

180° line

50
Q

What must a director firmly establish to alter screen direction and cross the axis of action without confusing the viewer?

A

The physical layout of the scene

51
Q

What is demonstrated by these two images from Source Code?

A

Eyeline match

52
Q

Which of the following statements about point-of-view cutting are correct?

A

It is a type of eyeline-match editing.

53
Q

In analytical editing, how will a filmmaker remind the viewer of the overall space after using breakdown shots?

A

Introduce a reestablishing shot

54
Q

What strategy is used to interweave story events in one place with story events in another place?

A

Crosscutting

55
Q

What is the name of the technique in which a filmmaker continues a single movement across a cut?

A

Match on action

56
Q

What helps keep a cheat cut from being too disorienting?

A

Strong narrative motivation

Relatively constant 180° relations

57
Q

In contemporary films, a desire for a feeling of increased energy has resulted in the use of ______.

A

quick editing using short shots

58
Q

What is a common way for filmmakers to move across the axis of action?

A

Include one shot on the line itself.

59
Q

What is the most common violation of order in continuity editing?

A

Flashback

60
Q

The most important aspect in a POV shot is that it ______. (Click on image to enlarge.)

A

lies on the axis of action

61
Q

What is the primary purpose of crosscutting?

A

To create viewer omniscience

62
Q

Which are traditionally used to indicate a brief time lapse in a temporal ellipsis?

A

Fade

Wipe

Dissolve

63
Q

What needs to be consistent to use match on action successfully?

A

Axis of action

Use of props

Screen direction

64
Q

What features are characteristic of a montage sequence?

A

A condensing of story time

Short cuts

65
Q

What aspects of television had an important role in the development of contemporary continuity editing in film?

A

Increased camera movement

Preference for close-ups

66
Q

These two shots from Ohayo illustrate ______.

A

graphic matching

67
Q

In continuity editing, the order and frequency of shots are assembled in service of ______.

A

the narrative

68
Q

What technique do filmmakers use to avoid the disorienting effects of a jump cut?

A

The 30° rule

69
Q

Which indicate that the duration of a scene is continuous?

A

Match on action between shots

A diegetic sound overlapping cut

70
Q

Nondiegetic inserts commonly function as ______.

A

metaphors

symbols

71
Q

Which scenarios would be best served by the use of a montage sequence?

A

Highlights of a sports game

A martial arts student’s years of training

72
Q

Which types of editing are considered alternatives to continuity editing?

A

Nondiegetic cut

Temporal dislocation

Jump cut

73
Q

Which techniques are frequently used in nonnarrative films to join shots together?

A

Rhythmic editing

Graphic matching

74
Q

What is a common trait of a jump cut?

A

The camera moves little if at all between the two shots.

75
Q

When a filmmaker includes a shot that doesn’t belong to the time or place of the story, it is called a ______.

A

nondiegetic insert

76
Q

What are reasons filmmakers use discontinuity editing?

A

To stir audience imagination

To emphasize emotional connections between shots

THE 107 (6 decks)

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