chapter 6

Question 1

Wha tis phenomenological method

Answer 1

gaining knowledge of human experience through heavy dialogue with those who have experienced it

Question 2

What do phenomenological studies usu include

Answer 2

data about 
the lived space, or spatiality
the lived body, or corporeality
lived time, or temporality
lived human relations, or relationality

Question 3

When is phenomenological methods use d

Answer 3

when studying a aspects of day-to-day existence

Question 4

How wuold the structuring of a phenomenological method look for the research question, researchers perspective and sample selection

Answer 4

Question: always includes questions about human experience
Perspective: it is bracketed, meaning they reveal their own biases
Sample: purposefully selected

Question 5

What types of data collection is used in phenomenolo

Answer 5

written or oral

Question 6

What are the 7 general steps of analyzing phenomenolo studies

Answer 6

1. Read the participants’ narratives to acquire a feeling for their ideas in order to understand them fully.
2. Extract significant things that relate to the phenomenon.
3. attach meaning to the significant statements.
4. Repeat this process and ID themes. Validate these themes by returning to the informants to check interpretation.
5. Relate the themes to the phenomenon
6. break the themes done into essential parts to offers an explanation of the behavior.
7. cross-check interpretation by doing more interviews to validate findings

Question 7

What is grounded theory method

Answer 7

an inductive approach using systematic procedures to create a theory about basic social processes

Question 8

When is grounded theory used

Answer 8

when no theory exists or when a theory fails to explain something
when interested in a social process

Question 9

What is a main goal of grounded theory

Answer 9

to dev theories that can be used accross multiple disciplines

Question 10

What does the structure of research Q, researcher perspective, and sampling look like for grounded theory

Answer 10

Question: questions that address social processes that affect human behavior
Perspective: ID’s and removes biases
the researcher enters the study with some knowledge of the literature but no too much, that way the theories that come from the study are “grounded” in the data from the study exiting studies
Sampling: purposefully selected

Question 11

How is data collection structured in grounded theory

Answer 11

observation recorded as field notes and interviews

Question 12

How is data analysis done in grounded theory

Answer 12

uses a process called theoretical sampling

Question 13

What is theoretical sampling

Answer 13

a process where data collection and analysis are done simultaneously, where specific experiences are selected and analyzed to test hunches

Question 14

What is the first step in theorectical sampling

Answer 14

called open coding, data is broken into parts then compared for similarities and diffs

Question 15

What is the ethnographic method

Answer 15

focuses of scientific description and interpretation of cultural or social systems, with the goal of understanding the participants view of the worl

Question 16

What is the emic view

Answer 16

the insiders view

Question 17

What is the etic view

Answer 17

outsiders view

Question 18

How does the structure of enthnography for research Q, researcher perspective and sampling look like

Answer 18

Question: questions are about “lifeways”
perspective: they are interpreters trying to make sense of the alien world from the emic viewpoint
they also divulge their biases
Sampling: gather info from key informants and general informants

Question 19

What are key informants

Answer 19

people with special knowledge status or comm skills that are willing to teach you

Question 20

How is data gathered from ethnography

Answer 20

immersion in the study setting and interview and observation

Question 21

What is an example of data that can be gathered in ethnography

Answer 21

photos or films

Question 22

How is data analysis done in ethnography

Answer 22

analysis and collection are done at same time

starts with a search for domains/symbolic categories that include smaller categories

Question 23

In ethnography, what is language analyzed for

Answer 23

semantic relationships

Question 24

How are the findings described in ehtnography

Answer 24

the scene, parameters of the research group and characteristics of the group
these findings are enhance by using maps, documents or floor plans of the setting

Question 25

What is the case study method used for

Answer 25

analyzing the specific cases for commonalities or peculiarities but doesnt use data collection/analysis of eploratory questions

Question 26

What is an intrinsic case study

Answer 26

used to get a deeper understanding of a case

Question 27

What is instrumental case study

Answer 27

used to gain insight or challenge a generalization

Question 28

What is a common emphasis of case study

Answer 28

holism

Question 29

How are the research Q’s, researcher perspectives and smapling done in case studyt

Answer 29

Questions: made to serve as a foundation to uncover complexity and pursue understanding, they’re structured to be generate more questions as they are answered
Perspective: biases removed
starts as an etic view but ideally quickly turns into an emic view
Sampling: the style ranges from selecting the most common case studies to selecting the most unique

Question 30

How is data gathered in case study

Answer 30

interviews, field observations and document reviews

Question 31

How are data analyzed and described in case study

Answer 31

reflecting and revising meanings

they are usu reported in chonologic, the story of coming to know the case, one by one case dimensions

Question 32

How do case studies relate to practice

Answer 32

they provide EB discussions of clinical topics for practice

Question 33

What is community based participitory research

Answer 33

systematically accesses the voice of a community to plan context appropriate actions
treats participants as equals in all phases is important for implementing change

LoBiondo-Wood, Geri. Nursing Research - E-Book (p. 104). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.

Question 34

What is the end product of CBPR

Answer 34

change or action

Question 35

What is a qual meta summary

Answer 35

used to find frequencies in evidence and to further abstract findings
they act as a sum of parts analysis

Question 36

What is a qual meta synthesis

Answer 36

they provide novel interpretations of the findings

Question 37

What is the criteria used for qual research scientific rigor

Answer 37

credibility
aduitability
fittingness

Question 38

What is the criteria for appraising qual research for clinical application

Answer 38

1. Is it about humanexperience within a natural setting?
2. Is it relevant to nursing?
3. is there a distinct process to be studied?
4. Does the question identify the context (participant group/place)
5. Does the choice of a specific qualitative method fit with the research question?
6. Are the biases of the researcher reported?
7. is there a structure for the ideas that reflect their beliefs?
8. Are data gathering sources and methods specified?
9. has participant consent been acquired
10. Does the researcher paint a clear picture of the participant’s reality?
11. Does the researcher’s interpretation captured the participant’s meaning?
12. Have other professionals confirmed the researcher’s interpretation?
13. is the research process easy to follow