Chapt 1 Flashcards
What are the means of knowing
traditional
experience
logic
scientific
What is the purpose of science
describe
explore
explain
predict and control
What is deductive approach
a method of research going from the general to the specific like hypotheses generated from theories
usu quantitative
What is inductive reasoning
generating hypotheses from specific observations
usu quan or qual
What do comparison questions tend to be
quan
What are the nursing roles in research
consumer
team member
producer
What is NINR
national institute of nursing research
What are the main areas of focus for NINR
H promo and disease prevent advancing the qual of life end of life and palliative care innovation developing nurse scientists
What is the differences between a research article and a clinical article
the research art will
have all parts of the research process labeled
they are not “how to” articles
What are the parts of a research article from top to bot
TITLE abstract intro literature review purpose question hypo theoretical framwork method design sample procedures instruments ethics results analyssi conclusion implications references
What are things used to assess the strength of evidence
levels
quality
quantity
consistency
What are the levels of evidence
1- meta analysis or systematic review of RCT’s
2- RCT’s or experimental studies
3- quasi experimental
4- non-experimental studies
5- case reports, program evaluations, qualitative research
6- opinion of respected authorities
What are the three types of research questions
explore describe
relationship or compare
experiment or quasi experiment
When are experimental or quasi exp questions used
when your testing something or a theory
What is the independent variable
the variable that has an effect on the dependent
like the intervention
What is a conceptual variable
how we normally define it
What is an operational variable
the way we measure the variable
How are explore or describe research questions usually written
as an explorative statement
“the purpose of this study is to explore”
How are relationship or compare research questions usually written
just as a question “what is the relationship between…”
How are experimental or quasi exp research questions usually written
“the purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis/efficacy/theory of”
What are the different types of hypotheses
casual simple complex directional non-directional NUL (Ho) statistical
What is a complex hypothesis
has three or more variables
What is a directional hypothesis
states the direction something should go
like if it should be positive or negative or if the numbers should go up or down
What is a non-directional hypothesis
thinks it will go is a certain direction but doesnt know which way
What is a NUL or statistical hypothesis
states their isn’t relationship
What is the process of a critical appraisal called
a critique
What are the steps of implementing EBP
ask clinical Q's gather evidence critically appraise act to change practice with EBP evaluate
What is a publication
a shortened version of the researcher(s) completed work.
What does the introduction do
presents a background of the area researched and its significance to practice
Where does the purpose defined at
the end of intro
the end of literature review
the end of theoretical framework
Where are hypotheses or research questions typically found
in the intro or background
Where would you find the research design
in the abstract
purpose statement
the intro to the procedures or methods
Do qual studies have hypotheses
no
What are some tips to determining if the research is quan
hypotheses?
control and treatment groups
the terms survey, correlational, case control, or cohort are used
random or convenience are mentioned in relation to the sample
• Variables are measured by instruments or scales
reliablility of instruments is discussed
their is statistical analysis
Where is sampling discussed at
methods
Where is reliability and validity discuss
methods
Where are the procedures and collection methods discussed
procedures section
What is in the discussion sectioni of a research study
how the results relate to the literature
What is a meta analysis
a systematic review that used statistical techniques to summarize and assess the studies
What is a consensus guidelines
clinical guidelines developed by experts in the field
What are EvidenceBased guidelines
developed using published research
what are the common steps of QI methods
Conducting an assessment • Setting goals for improvement • creating ideas for changing current practice •
Deciding how improvements will be measured
Rapidly testing those changes •
Measuring the improvements in care
making the change a new standard of care
