Chapter 6 Flashcards
What is PPE composed of?
personal protective clothing (PPC) and personal alert safety system (PASS)
What is NFPA 1500?
NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program
What is NFPA 1981?
NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit SCBA for Emergency Services
What is NFPA 1982?
NFPA 1982, Standard on Personal Alert Safety Systems (PASS)
What is proximity fire fighting?
includes aircraft, hazardous materials transport, and storage tank fires; activities required for rescue, fire suppression, and property conservation at fires that produce high radiant, conductive, or convective heat
What is a limitation of structural PPC?
prevents heat from being transferred away from the body
What can helmets be equipped with?
face shields or goggles
What NFPA requires that all protective coats used for structural FF be made of 3 components: outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal barrier?
NFPA 1971
What are the 3 components of protective coats used for structural FF?
outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal barrier
What is the first step to take when doffing the SCBA mask?
make sure you are in the safe zone and away from contaminated atmospheres
What is considered an oxygen deficient atmosphere?
less than 19.5%
What are the four types of cleaning for PPE?
routine, advanced, specialized, and contract
What should you do if your PPE is contaminated with flammable liquid or blood?
specialized cleaning
When is heating protection required?
when the noise exceeds maximum noise exposure levels (90 decibels in the US and 85 decibels in Canada)
What are the 3 settings of the PASS alarm?
off, alarm, and sensing
What is NFPA 1977?
NFPA 1977, Standard on Protective Clothing and Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting Operations
What type of underclothing should you never wear when fighting a wildland fire?
clothing made of synthetic material such as nylon or polyester; the materials can become heated and stick to your skin causing serious burns
What is the best protection when working on a roadway?
being visible to other motorists and working behind a barrier formed by the apparatus
What is NFPA 1999?
NFPA 1999, Standard on Protective Clothing for Emergency Medical Operations
What is NFPA 1975?
Standard on Station/Work Uniforms for Emergency Services
When should PPE be inspected?
at the beginning of the work shift, after every use, after washing, repair, decontamination, and on a periodic basis such as weekly or monthly
What temperature do first degree burns start at?
when skin temperature reaches 118 degrees F
What temperature do second degree burns start at?
131 degrees F
What temperature do third degree burns start at?
152 degrees F
What are examples of respiratory hazards?
products of combustion, toxic gases, and superheated or oxygen deficient atmospheres
What are common respiratory hazards?
oxygen deficiency, elevated temperatures, particulate contaminants, gases and vapors, and airborne pathogens
What is the most common cause of oxygen-deficient atmospheres?
combustion; consumes O2 and produces toxic gases which displace O2 or dilute its concentration
What is an accumulation of fluids in the lungs?
pulmonary edema
What is a fatal condition caused by severe oxygen deficiency and an excess of carbon monoxide and/or other gases in the blood?
asphyxiation
What are sources of particulate contaminants?
vehicle exhaust emission, chemical reactions, heated metals or metal compounds, and combustion
What is an air-purifying respirator (APR)?
respirator that removes contaminants by passing ambient air through a filter, cartridge, or canister; may have full or partial facepiece
What is a powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR)?
motorized respirator that uses a filter to clean surrounding air, then delivers it to the wearer to breathe
Carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin about ____x more effectively than oxygen
200x
HCN is ___x more toxic than CO
35
Where should you be during a haz mat incident?
upwind, uphill, upstream; until a risk analysis has been completed
What is a high efficiency particulate air filter? (HEPA)
protects against airborne pathogens; single use mask; respiratory filter that is certified to remove at least 99.97% of mono disperse particles of 0.3 micrometers in diameter
What are the 2 categories of respiratory protection equipment?
atmosphere-supplying respirators (ASRs) and air-purifying respirators (APRs)
What is SAR?
supplied air respirators
What is an open circuit SCBA?
uses compressed air; SCBA that allows exhaled air to be discharged or vented into the atmosphere
What is a closed circuit SCBA?
uses compressed oxygen; SCBA that recycles exhaled air; removes carbon dioxide and restores compressed, chemical, or liquid oxygen; not approved for FF operations
What form of SCBA is less common?
closed circuit
What are the four components of open circuit SCBA?
backplate and harness assembly, air cylinder assembly, regulator assembly, and face piece assembly
How much do air cylinders weigh usually?
7.9 lbs-18.9 lbs
For a rated duration of 30-minutes how many PSI is there?
2,216 psi
For a rated duration of 45-minutes how much PSI is there?
3,000 psi
For a rated duration of 60-minutes how much PSI is there?
4,500
What is a respirator fit test that measures the wearer’s response to a test agent such as irritant smoke or odorous vapor?
qualitative fit test (QLFT)
What is a fit test in which instruments measure the amount of a test agent that has leaked into the respirator from the ambient atmosphere?
quantitative fit test (QNFT)
What allows FF to wear contact lenses?
NFPA 1500 and Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
All new SCBA are equipped with a rapid intervention crew universal air coupling located within _____ of the cylinder outlet
4”
Particulate filters are ___ use
single
SCBA stored in cases can be donned using the _____ method and the coat method
over the head
What is NFPA 1901
NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus
When is inspection performed on protective breathing apparatuses?
Inspection are typically performed daily, weekly, or whenever the FF report for duty. The period btw inspection can’t exceed 1 week
What is a testing method that uses water under pressure to check the integrity of pressure vessels?
hydrostatic test
When should you clean and sanitize your SCBA face piece?
immediately after each use
Who should perform annual inspection and maintenance of SCBA face piece?
trained members of the FD or certified maintenance contractors
SCBA breathing air cylinders are filled from either a __________ or directly from a compressor air purification system
cascade system
What is a cascade system?
three or more large, interconnected air cylinders from which smaller SCBA cylinders are recharged; larger cylinders have a capacity of 300 cubic feet
What is FBARS?
FF Breathing Air Replenishment System
What are examples of nonemergency exit indicators?
When:
- the situation is stabilized
- there is a change in operational strategy
- it is necessary to replace an air cylinder
- ordered from IC
- assignment is completed
What are examples of emergency exit indicators?
When:
- activation of SCBA low pressure low air alarm
- SCBA failure
- as ordered by IC or safety officer
- presence of APR/PAPR breakthrough symptoms
What is the maximum amount of a chemical substance or other hazard that an employee can be exposed to?
permisible exposure limit (PEL)
