Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Firefighter Essentials > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light i the form of either a glow or a flame?

A

Combustion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a rapid oxidation process which is a chemical reaction resulting in the evolution of light and heat in varying intensities?

A

Fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a form of energy characterized by the vibration of molecules and is capable of initiating and supporting chemical changes and changes in state?

A

Heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the measure of a materials ability to transfer heat energy to other objects?

A

Temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a material that will main combustion under specified environmental conditions?

A

Fuel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is any material that readily yields oxygen or other oxidizing gas, or that readily reacts to promote or initiate combustion of combustible material?

A

Oxidizer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is potential energy?

A

stored energy possessed by an object that can be released in the future to perform work once released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

the energy possessed by a body because of its motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is defined in terms of mechanical energy? It is equal to the energy expanded in applying a force of one newton through a distance of one meter.

A

Joules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an exothermic reaction?

A

chemical reaction that releases thermal energy or heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an endothermic reaction?

A

chemical reaction that absorbs thermal energy or heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is pyrolysis?

A

the chemical decomposition of a solid material by heating. Pyrolysis often precedes combustion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the physical process that changes a liquid into a gaseous state?

A

Vaporization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is ignition?

A

the process of initiation self-sustained combustion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two forms of ignition?

A

piloted ignition and autoignition (non piloted)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the moment when a mixture of fuel and oxygen encounters an external heat source with sufficient heat or thermal energy to start the combustion reaction?

A

Piloted ignition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the initiation of combustion by heat but without a spark or flame

A

autoignition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the autoignition temperature?

A

the minimum temperature to which a fuel in the air must be heated in order to start self-sustained combustion. The autoignition temperature of a substance is always higher than its piloted ignition temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a visible, luminous body of a burning gas emitting radiant energy including light of various colors given off by burning gases or vapors during the combustion process?

A

Flame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the fire triangle?

A

a model used to explain the three elements necessary for combustion (heat fuel and oxygen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the fire tetrahedron?

A

model of four elements required for a fire. the four sides represent fuel, heat, oxygen, and self-sustaining chemical chain reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are materials that absorb heat but do not participate actively in the combustion process/

A

Passive agent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What causes the most fire deaths?

A

toxic smoke

24
Q

What is a colorless, odorless, dangerous (both toxic and flammable) gas formed by the incomplete combustion of carbon? It combines with hemoglobin more than 200 times fast than oxygen does

A

Carbon monoxide

25
Q

What is a colorless toxic and flammable liquid until it reaches 79 degrees F? Above that temperature it becomes a gas with a faint odor similar to bitter almonds

A

hydrogen cyanide

26
Q

What is a colorless odorless heavier than air gas that neither supports combustion nor burns? This is used in portable fire extinguishers as an extinguishing agent to extinguish class B or C fires by smothering or displacing oxygen.

A

carbon dioxide

27
Q

What is the kinetic energy associated with the random motions of the molecules of a material or object? This is often used interchangeable with the terms heat and heat energy

A

Thermal energy

28
Q

What is the measurement of heat?

A

Temperature

29
Q

What form of oxidation is a chemical reaction that increases the temperature of a material without the addition of external heat?

A

Self-heating

30
Q

What is the initiation of combustion of a material by an internal chemical or biological reaction that has produced sufficient heat to ignite the material?

A

Spontaneous ignition

31
Q

What is the measure of the rate of heat transfer to a surface, expressed in kilowatts?

A

Heat flux

32
Q

What is the transfer of heat through or between solids that are in direct contact?

A

Conduction

33
Q

What is heat transfer by circulate within a medium such as a gas or a liquid?

A

Convection

34
Q

What is heat transfer by way of electromagnetic energy?

A

Radiation

35
Q

What are the three mechanisms in which heat can by transferred from one body to another?

A

conduction, convection, and radiation

36
Q

What is the tendency or capacity to remain afloat in a liquid or rise in air or gas?

A

Buoyant

37
Q

What is the upper layer of hot smoke?

A

a buoyant later of hot gases and smoke produced by a fire in a compartment

38
Q

What is the fuel that is being oxidized or burned during combustion?

A

reducing agent

39
Q

What is heat of combustion?

A

total amount of thermal energy that could be generated by the combustion reaction if a fuel were completely burned

40
Q

What is the Heat Release Rate (HRR)

A

total amount of heat released per unit time

41
Q

What is a unit of measure of power or rate or work equal to one joule per second?

A

Watt

42
Q

What is the common term used to describe the gaseous state of a fuel that would normally exist as a liquid or solid at standard temperature and pressure?

A

Vapor

43
Q

What is the rate at which energy is being transferred over time?

A

Power

44
Q

What describes the density of gases in relation to air?

A

Vapor density

45
Q

What is the vapor density of air?

A

1

46
Q

What is the ratio of the mass of a given volume of liquid compared with the mass of an equal volume of water at the same temperature?

A

Specific gravity

47
Q

What is the specific gravity of water?

A

1

48
Q

What will flammable liquids do on waters surface? Why?

A

Float bc the specific gravity is less than one

49
Q

What is the pressure that vapor’s escaping from a liquid exert?

A

vapor pressure

50
Q

What is the measure of the tendency of a substance to evaporate?

A

vapor pressure

51
Q

What is the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapor’s to form an ignitable mixture with air near the liquids surface?

A

flash point

52
Q

What is the temperature at which sufficient vapor’s are being generated to sustain the combustion reaction?

A

Fire point

53
Q

What does miscible mean?

A

materials that are capable of being mixed in all proportions

54
Q

What are hydrocarbon fuels?

A

petroleum-based organic compounds that contain only hydrogen and carbon (ex. gasoline, diesel, and fuel oil)

55
Q

What are polar solvents?

A

flammable liquids that have an attraction for water (ex. alcohol, ketone, methanol, ethanol)

56
Q

What is the flammable (explosive) range?

A

the range between the upper flammable limit and lower flammable limit in which a substance can be ignited

57
Q

What are free radicals?

A

molecular fragments that highly reactive

Firefighter Essentials (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions