Chapter 6 Flashcards
Heterotrophs use _______, preformed _______ molecules as carbon sources.
Reduced; Organic
Autotrophs use __________ as their sole carbon source
Carbon Dioxide
Use light as their energy source.
Phototrophs
Obtain energy from the oxidation of organic OR inorganic compounds.
Chemotrophs
Four Major Nutritional categories that most microbes can be placed in?
1) Photolithoautotrophs
2) Chemoorganoheterotrophs
3) Photoorganoheterotrophs
4) Chemolithoautotrophs
Organic compounds required by the cell because they are essential cell components that the cell cannot synthesize?
Growth Factors
Amino acids are needed for _________?
Protein synthesis
Purines and pyrimidines are needed for ___________?
nucleic acid synthesis
Vitamins function as ____________?
enzyme cofactors
Process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration because of random thermal agitation.
passive diffusion
Process that involves a carrier molecule like permease to increase the rate of diffusion.
facilitated diffusion
Process that uses carrier proteins and metabolic energy to move molecules to the cell interior where the solute concentration is already higher than outside the cell.
active transport
____________ are used to power active transport.
proton motive forces
Process in which molecules are modified as they are transported across the membrane.
group translocation
solid or liquid prep. used to grow, transport, and store microbes
culture medium
All components and their conc. are known in this media.
defined/synthesis media
Some ingredients of unknown conc. are present in this media
complex media
General purpose media for the grown of many microbes.
supportive media
Supplemented by blood or other special nutrients to encourage the growth of fastidious heterotrophs.
enriched media
Favors the growth of particular microbes and inhibits the growth of others.
selective media
Distinguish between diff. groups of bacteria on the basis of biological characteristics.
differential media
Clonal population of cells arising from a single cell.
pure culture
A method used to seperate cels on the solid medium such that each colony arises from a single cell.
streak plate
Uses liquid culture to inoculate solid media
spread plate
