Chapter 6

Question 1

A baby sticks out its tongue and another person laughs. The baby joins in the laughter and deliberately sticks out its tongue again. Piaget would call this behavior:

Answer 1

secondary circular reactions.

Question 2

A baby trying to pry his father’s fingers apart to get to a small toy hidden in his hand demonstrates understanding of:

Answer 2

Object permanence

Question 3

A particular stage-four baby does not like to get wet. If his mother turned on the faucet and got out his bath towel, the baby might:

Answer 3

howl and move away from her and the bathroom.

Question 4

A toddler experimentally varies the way she handles a ball—first squeezing it, then throwing it—to learn what effect each variation has. This child is demonstrating:

Answer 4

tertiary circular reactions

Question 5

According to Chomsky’s theory of language acquisition:

Answer 5

children have an inborn ability to learn language.

Question 6

As early as 5 months old, babies seem to prefer:

Answer 6

adults who engage in child-directed speech.

Question 7

As infants acquire language, they say more ______ than any other parts of speech.

Answer 7

Nouns

Question 8

Because of ______, a 10-month-old may later pick up and try to use the scissors that his brother used to cut paper.

Answer 8

Deferred imitation

Question 9

By 10 months of age, Alan has a vocabulary of a dozen words. B. F. Skinner would have attributed Alan’s rapid speech development mainly to his:

Answer 9

parents’ talking to him frequent

Question 10

During the sensorimotor stage, the main task is to:

Answer 10

use senses and motor skills to understand the world.

Question 11

Eight-month-old Han has learned that shaking his crib rail will bring his mother into his bedroom. His crib rail brings his mother to mind, demonstrating his:

Answer 11

Implicit memory

Question 12

Infants’ repetition of certain syllables at the age of about 6 or 7 months is called:

Answer 12

Babbling

Question 13

Sally has a favorite stuffed toy. Sometimes she just looks at it, sometimes she will suck on its ear, and sometimes she will lie on it as if it were a pillow. These behaviors demonstrate the information-processing concept of:

Answer 13

Affordances

Question 14

Salma is a 10 month old who is being tested on the visual cliff. We would expect her to:

Answer 14

refuse to cross over the visual cliff.

Question 15

Using the word “more” to mean “I want another cookie” is an example of a(n):

Answer 15

Holophrase

Question 16

The usual order of the development of spoken language is:

Answer 16

reflexes, cooing, babbling, spoken words.