Chapter 6

Question 1

The overall approach to or outline of the study that details all the major components of the research

Answer 1

Research design

Question 2

Research to explore and describe a phenomenon of interest and generate new knowledge

Answer 2

Exploratory status

Question 3

Research in which a relationship between variables has been posed and the study is designed to examine this hypothesis

Answer 3

Confirmatory studies

Question 4

Characteristic, event, or response that represents the elements of the research question in a detectable or measurable way.

Answer 4

Variable

Question 5

Characteristics that describe the sample and provide a composite picture of the subjects of the study; they are not manipulated or controlled by the researcher

Answer 5

Descriptive variables

Question 6

A factor that is artificially introduced into a study explicitly to measure an expected effect; the “cause” of “cause and effect”

Answer 6

Independent variable

Question 7

An outcome of interest that occurs after the introduction of an independent variable; the “effect” of “cause and effect”

Answer 7

Dependent variable

Question 8

Factors that exert an effect on the outcome but that are not part of the planned experiment and may confuse the interpretation of the results

Answer 8

Extraneous variables

Question 9

Research designed to describe in detail some process, event, or outcome. Such a design is used when very little is known about the research question

Answer 9

Descriptive studies

Question 10

Research designed to quantify the strength and the direction of the relationship of two variables in a single subject or the relationship between a single variable in two samples

Answer 10

Correlation research

Question 11

Research designed to search for variables measured at one point in time that may forecast an outcome that is measured at a different point in time.

Answer 11

Predictive research