Chapter 4

Question 1

A process of reasoning from a general theory to a specific and well-articulated question

Answer 1

Deductive

Question 2

A process of reasoning from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories

Answer 2

Inductive

Question 3

Abstract ideas or topics of interest that must be narrowed to researchable questions to be investigated.

Answer 3

Concepts

Question 4

A study generated from previous research studies in which the research is reproduced to validate findings, increase generalizability, or eliminate or minimize limitations.

Answer 4

Replication Study

Question 5

Statements of the disparity between what is know and what needs to be known and addressed by the research

Answer 5

Problem Statements

Question 6

Declarative and objective statements that indicate the general goal of the study and often describe the direction of the inquiry

Answer 6

Purpose statements

Question 7

A question that outlines the primary components to be studied and that guides the design and methodology of the study.

Answer 7

Research question

Question 8

A restatement of the research question in a form that can be analyzed statistically for significance

Answer 8

Hypothesis

Question 9

A statement of the research question that declares there is no difference between groups

Answer 9

Null hypothesis

Question 10

A two-sided statement of the research question that is interested in change in any direction

Answer 10

Nondirectional hypothesis

Question 11

A one-sided statement of the research question that is interested in only one direction of change

Answer 11

Directional hypothesis