Chapter 6

Question 1

Universal Progression

Answer 1

Cooing then babbling (2)months
First words (10-15 months) Noun Bias (Not Universal)

Question 2

Overextension

Answer 2

Use of word beyond semantic boundary.

DADA to all men.

Question 3

Underextension

Answer 3

Overly narrow use of a word.

Look at a boy age 5 but and infant is not a boy.

Question 4

Fast Mapping

Answer 4

WHOLE-OBJECT: words refer to whole object. Banana,
TAXONOMIC: name of abject applies to the object and similar things. Dog, even when its a cat
MUTUAL EXCLUSIVITY ASSUMPTIONS: Different names refer to different things.

Question 5

Child Directed Speech

Answer 5

Special tone used by adults to child:
high pitch
clear enunciation
short sentences
limited vocabulary

Question 6

Sign Language

Answer 6

Helps the child when they cannot communicate verbally, they communicate through body language

Question 7

CLASSICAL

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 7

The neutral stimuli is introduced along with the positive stimuli. Bell ring then out comes food and repeat, until bell rings and dog salivates.

Question 8

OPERANT CONDITIONING

B.F. Skinner

Answer 8

Positive and Negative behavior is followed with negative or positive reinforcement or consequence.

Question 9

Nativist

Noam Chomsky

Answer 9

We are born with an understanding of language
LAD: Language acquisition device
mental ability to impose structure on infants environment
UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR: inborn basic understanding of language

Question 10

Connectionist (Neural Network View)

Answer 10

Structure exists in language itself

children only notice when the necessary neural connection use knowledge.

Question 11

Statistical Learning

Patricia Kuhl

Answer 11

Infants extract statistical information about how likely one syllable will follow another