Chapter 6

Question 0

Acetylcholine

Answer 0

A chemical transmitter substance released by certain nerve endings.

Question 1

Abduction

Answer 1

To move away from the midline of the body.

Question 2

Actin

Answer 2

A contractile protein.

Question 3

Action potential

Answer 3

An electrical event occurring when a stimulus of sufficient intensity is applied to a neuron or muscle cell, allowing sodium ions to move into the cell and reverse the polarity.

Question 4

Adduction

Answer 4

To move toward the midline of the body.

Question 5

Aerobic respiration

Answer 5

Respiration in which oxygen is consumed and glucose is broken down entirely; water, carbon dioxide, and large amounts of ATP are the final product.

Question 6

Anaerobic glycolysis

Answer 6

Breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid without oxygen

Question 7

Dorsiflexion

Answer 7

Up and down movement that includes lifting the foot so that its superior surface approaches the skin (standing on your heels)

Question 8

Extension

Answer 8

Movement that increases the angle of a joint (straightening a flexed knee)

Question 9

Fixators

Answer 9

Muscles acting to immobilize a joint or a bone; fixes the origin of a muscle so that muscle action can be exerted at the insertion

Question 10

Flexion

Answer 10

Bending; the movement that decreases the angle between bones

Question 11

Insertion

Answer 11

The movable attachment of a muscle as opposed to its origin

Question 12

Lactic acid

Answer 12

The product of anaerobic metabolism, especially in muscle

Question 13

Motor unit

Answer 13

A motor neuron and all the muscle cells it supplies