chapter 6 Flashcards
Bacterial genome is
multi vs uni cellular
has or lacks nuclear membrane
circular or linear
- unicellular
- lacks nuclear membrane
- circular
what is a plasmid
small circular DNA molecules
What is a Episomes
plasmids that can freely replicate.
what is f factor
fertility.
this controls mating
how are genes transferred in bacteria
conjugation
transformation
transduction
what is conjugation
genetic info is passed directly fro one bacterium to another.
DIRECT CONTACT
FROM DONOR TO RECIPIENT
what is transformation
takes up dna from medium it is growing in.
what is transduction
when bacterial viruses carry dna from one bacterium to another.
what is the f+ cell
donor cell. Has fertility
what is the f- cell
recipient and lacks fertility.
what is a sex pili
singular pili
extension of cell membrane
starts at oriT
can f- become f+
no
f’ cells
contain F plasmid with some bacterial genes.
can F’ conjugate with F- cells.
only if F’ has F plasmids.
what is sexduction
F to F-
produces partial diploids. (merozygotes)
transfer of DNA takes place during conjugation between which cells?
Hfr and F- Cells
on which plasmid causes bacteria to be antibiotic resistant?
R plasmid
what is R plasmid?
circular
can be transferred by conjugation
what does it mean when a cell is competent
take up DNA through Envelopes
what does Cotransformed mean
when there are 2 or more genes transferred together.
what is a virus
made up of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat.
Do viruses have rna or dna
single stranded?
circular or linear?
both
both
both
What is the lytic cycle
- phage attaches to receptor cell on bacterias wall.
- injects DNA into the cell
- more virulent cells produce
What does virulent mean?
always kills the host cell.
