Chapter 6 Flashcards
What does ‘infertile’ mean?
Individuals who are trying to conceive and are unable to after a year.
What does ‘sterile’ refer to?
The couple is permanently unable to conceive or the uterus is unable to carry a biological child.
What is fertility counseling?
Medical evaluation that seeks to determine the reasons for fertility problems and explores available treatments to help.
What are assisted reproductive technologies? (ARTS)
Methods infertile individuals may use to help them conceive.
What is a multiple pregnancy?
Occurs when two or more babies develop in the same pregnancy.
Far less common than single pregnancies.
What are fraternal births?
NOT identical
look different
2 different eggs fertilized by two different sperm
Develop from two or more ova, most common, each baby has own chorion - a membrane that surrounds the baby in the uterus.
What are identical births?
Same egg, same sperm, egg splits
Identical births develop from the same ova and sperm.
Scientists do not know why the ovum splits.
How do the chances of identical births compare to fraternal births?
Chances for identical births are much less than for fraternal births.
What happens if the ovum does not split?
If the ovum does not split, there will be conjoined twins.
What is the genetic makeup of babies from identical births?
Babies from identical births have the same genetic makeup (they share 100% of dna), but their fingerprints, palm prints, and footprints are similar, yet not exactly the same.
What is a mixed birth?
a set of identical twins and a fraternal one
A mixed birth occurs when separate sperm fertilize two or more eggs, and one or more of the fertilized ova may split.
What is an example of a mixed pregnancy?
Triplets are often from mixed pregnancies, with two children being identical and one fraternal.
What is artificial insemination?
Artificial insemination is when a sperm is introduced into the vagina or uterus by a medical procedure.
What is in vitro fertilization?
In vitro fertilization is when some eggs are surgically removed, fertilized in a laboratory dish, and then implanted into the uterus.
What is gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)?
GIFT is when a mixture of sperm and eggs is placed in the fallopian tubes, where fertilization can occur.
