Chapter 5 Flashcards
What is an ovum?
A mature female reproductive cell; an egg.
What is sperm?
A mature male reproductive cell.
What is conception?
The process of becoming pregnant, involving fertilization or implantation or both.
What is a zygote?
A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
What is an ovary?
The female reproductive organ in which ova or eggs are produced, present in pairs.
What are fallopian tubes?
The tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus.
What is the uterus?
The organ in the female reproductive system where the fetus develops.
What is the cervix?
The narrow neck-like passage forming the lower end of the uterus.
What are testes?
The male reproductive organ that produces sperm and testosterone, present in pairs.
What is a cell?
The basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms.
What is a fetus?
An unborn offspring, more than eight weeks after conception.
What is quickening?
The stage in pregnancy when the mother first feels movements of the fetus.
What is genetic counseling?
The process of advising individuals and families affected by or at risk of genetic disorders.
What is a fetus?
An unborn offspring, more than eight weeks after conception.
What is quickening?
The stage in pregnancy when the mother first feels movements of the fetus.
What is genetic counseling?
The process of advising individuals and families affected by or at risk of genetic disorders to help them understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions to disease.
What is premature birth?
Birth occurring before 37 weeks of gestation.
What is low birth weight?
A birth weight of a live-born infant of less than 2500 grams (5.5 pounds) regardless of gestational age.
What is a miscarriage?
The spontaneous loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week of gestation.
What is stillbirth?
The birth of an infant that has died in the womb (occurring after 20 weeks of pregnancy).
What is the age of viability?
The time the baby can survive if born early.
What are the three stages of development?
- Physical development (growth and bodily functions) 2. Cognitive development (thinking, learning, and problem-solving) 3. Psychosocial development (emotions, personality, and social relationships).
What is ovulation?
The process in which an ovary releases an egg into the fallopian tubes
How do the placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic sac work together?
They support fetal development by providing nutrients and oxygen, removing waste, and protecting the fetus. The placenta acts as a bridge between mother and baby, the umbilical cord connects them, and the amniotic sac cushions and protects the fetus.
What is the process conception?
a sperm cell unites with an egg cell, resulting in a fertilized egg, which then travels to the uterus and implants, marking the beginning of pregnancy.
What is the purpose of an ultrasound during pregnancy?
Uses sound waves to create images of the baby, check development, detect abnormalities, and determine due dates.
Commonly performed at 6-9 weeks, 18-22 weeks, and in the third trimester.
When is an ultrasound typically performed?
Throughout pregnancy, 6-9 weeks for early pregnancy confirmation, 18-22 weeks for anatomy scan, and third trimester for growth check.
What is Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)?
A test where a sample of the placenta is taken to test for genetic conditions.
When is Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) performed?
10-13 weeks of pregnancy.
What is the purpose of Amniocentesis?
A small amount of amniotic fluid is withdrawn to test for genetic disorders, neural tube defects, and infections.
When is Amniocentesis performed?
15-20 weeks of pregnancy.
