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Engineering Materials > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

METALS

1
Q

What are some of the properties that distinguish metals from ceramics and polymers

A

metals have: high strength and stifmess, good electrical and thermal conductivity and higher density than ceramics or plymers

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2
Q

What are two major groups of metals

A

ferrous and non ferrous

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3
Q

What is an alloy

A

metal that has two or more elements (one of them is metallic)

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4
Q

what is a solid solution in the context of alloys

A

alloy in whihc one of the metallinc elements is dissolved in another to form a single phase

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5
Q

Distingush between a substitutioal solid solution and an interstitial solid solution

A

Substitutional solid: atoms of the dissolved elemnt replace atoms of the solution elements in the lattice structure. An interstitioal solid solution has extra atomsWhat

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6
Q

is an intermediat phase

A

When the solubility limit of the base metal is exceeded (there is too much solute in the solution so a part of it is not dissolved)

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7
Q

The copper nickel system is a simple alloy system as indicated by a phase diagram, whiyis it so simple

A

because it is a solid solutionalloy throught its entire composition range

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8
Q

What is the range of carbon percentages which defines an iron-carbon alloy as steel

A

0,02% to 2.11%

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9
Q

What is the range of carbon percentafe which defines iron-carbon alloy as cast iron

A

2.11 to 5%

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10
Q

Common alloying elements for steel

A

Ce Mn Mo, Ni and V

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11
Q

What are some of the mechanisms byw which the alloying elements other than carbon strengthens steel

A

by solid solution alloying. Cr, Mn, Mo and Ni increase hardenability during heat treatment, CR and MO improve hot hardness, (Cr, Mo, V) form hard carbides with C which increases water resistance, Vanadiun inhibits grain growth

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12
Q

What is the predominant alloying element in all of the stainless steels

A

Chromium

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13
Q

Why is austentic stainles steel called that way?

A

Because this alloy exists in its austentinc phase at room temperature (FCC)

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14
Q

Besides high carbon content, what other element is characteristic of cast irons

A

siliconi

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15
Q

dentify some of the porperties for which aluminum is noted

A

low density, hgih electrical 6 thermal coductivity, good corrosion resistance, ability to be alloyed to achieve good strength to weight ratios

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16
Q

What are some noeteworthy properties of magnesium

A

lowest density, propensity to oxideze, low strength. Can be alloyed and strengthened to achieve goos strength to weight ratios

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17
Q

Most important engineering property of copper

A

high electrical & thermal conoductivity

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18
Q

What elements are alloyed with copper to form bronze and brass

A

tin and zing

19
Q

important applications of nickel

A

alloying ingredient in steel, plating of steel to resist corrosion, nicklel based alloys for temp. performance

20
Q

titanium properties

A

high strength-to-wight ratio, corrotion resistance, hgigh temp.strength

21
Q

applications of zing:

A

easy to cast, coating inb galvanized steel, alloyingelement with copper to form brass

22
Q

alloy by lead and tin

A

solder

23
Q

name reefractory emtsals

A

CV, Mo, Ta, W. REfraactory emeans capacit tio withstand high temp. serice

24
Q

Noble metals, why

A

platinum, silve,r gold, copper. They are chenically incactive

25
Q

Superalloys divide into three gorups. name

A

iron based, nickel, cobalt based

26
Q

why superalloys special

A

strength, resistance to corrosion and oxidation at high temp.

27
Q

basic methods by which metals can be strengthened

A

alloyoing to form solutions and two-phase structures, 2 cold working . strain hardened metal is harder . 3 heat treatment, increase strength of metal

28
Q

Which are inconsistent with metals (two correct) (a) good thermal conductivity, (b) high strength, (c) high electrical resistivity, (d) high
stiffness, and (e) ionic bonding?

A

c electrical rsistivity and e ionic bondig

29
Q

Which of the folowing is most abundand to earth (a) aluminum, (b) copper, (c)
iron, (d) magnesium, or (e) silicon?

A

a aluminum

30
Q

Predominant phase in the iron carbon alloy for a composition of 99&Fe at room temperature is which of the following (a) austenite, (b) cementite, (c) delta, (d) ferrite, or (e)
gamma?

A

d ferrite

31
Q

steel with 1& cabon is known as which of the following (a) eutectoid, (b) hypoeutectoid,
(c) hypereutectoid, or (d) wrought iron?

A

c hypereutectoid

32
Q

The strength of steel increases as carbon

A

increases

33
Q

Plain cargon steels are designated in the AISI CODE SYSTEM BY : (a) 01XX, (b)
10XX, (c) 11XX, (d) 12XX, or (e) 30XX?

A

b 10XX

34
Q

which of the followign elements is the most importantalloying element in steel (a) carbon, (b)
chromium, (c) nickel, (d) molybdenum, or (e) vanadium?

A

a carbon

35
Q

Which of the following is not a common alloy in steel (a) chromium, (b)
manganese, (c) nickel, (d) vanadium, (e) zinc?

A

e zinc

36
Q

Solid solution alloying is the principal strengtheinign mechanism in high strength low-alloy steels true false

A

true

37
Q

Which of teh followingis the most important in cast iron commercially (a) ductile cast iron, (b) gray
cast iron, (c) malleable iron, or (d) white cast iron?

A

b gray cast alloy

38
Q

Which of the following metals ahs the lowest density (a) aluminum, (b) magnesium, (c) tin, or
(d) titanium.?

A

b magnisium

39
Q

Which of the following metals has the highest density (a) gold, (b) lead, (c) platinum, (d) silver, or
(e) tungsten?

A

c platinum

40
Q

From which of thhe followingore is aluminun derived a) alumina, (b) bauxite, (c) cementite, (d)
hematite, or (e) scheelite?

A

b bauxite

41
Q

Which of the follwoing metals is noted for good electrical conductivity (a)
copper, (b) gold, (c) iron, (d) nickel, or (e) tungsten?

A

a Copper

42
Q

Traditional brass is an alloy of which of the followingmetallic elements : (a)
aluminum, (b) copper, (c) gold, (d) tin, and (e) zinc?

A

b copper, e zinc

43
Q

Whcih of the follwoing metals has the lowest melting point a) aluminum, (b) lead, (c)
magnesium, (d) tin, or (e) zinc?

A

d tin

44
Q
A

Engineering Materials (10 decks)

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