Chapter 6 Flashcards
1
Q
Six functions of bone tissue
A
- Support
- Protection
- Assist in movement
- Mineral homeostasis
- Production of blood cells
- Triglyceride storage
2
Q
(BTF) Support
A
- Bones support the soft tissues and provide attachment sites for muscles, thereby serving as the structural framework for the body.
3
Q
(BTF) Protection
A
- Many of the body’s internal organs are protected by bony coverings.
4
Q
(BTF) Assist in movement
A
- Bones assist skeletal muscles in producing movement
5
Q
(BTF) Mineral homeostasis
A
- Bones store and release several minerals, especially calcium and phosphorus, to help maintain mineral homeostasis.
6
Q
(BTF) Production of blood cells
A
- Hemopoiesis, blood cell formation, occurs in the red marrow of bones.
7
Q
(BTF) Triglyceride storage
A
- The yellow marrow of adult bones serves as a site of triglyceride storage
8
Q
Different types of bones
A
- Long bones
- Short bones
- Flat bones
- Irregular bones
- (Sesamoid bones)
9
Q
Long bones
A
- Consists of a shaft with two ends - for example, the thigh bone (femur) and the upper arm bone (humerus)
10
Q
Short bones
A
- Cube-like, for example; the wrist bones (carpals) and ankle bones (tarsals)
11
Q
Flat bones
A
- Thin and usually curved - for example, skull bones and ribs
12
Q
Irregular bones
A
- Are not long, short, or flat - For example, the vertebrae
13
Q
Sesamoid bone
A
- A small bone commonly found embedded within a muscle or tendon near joint surfaces, existing as focal areas of ossification and functioning as a pulley to alleviate stress on that particular muscle or tendon
14
Q
Features of the long bone
A
- Diaphysis
- Epiphyses
- Metaphysis
- Hyaline cartilage (articular cartilage) > epiphyseal line
- Periosteum
- Marrow cavity
- Red marrow
- Yellow marrow
- Endosteum
15
Q
(LB) Diaphysis
A
- The shaft of the long bone
16
Q
(LB) Epiphyses
A
- The ends of the long bone
17
Q
(LB) Metaphysis
A
- The areas between the epiphysis and diaphysis, and include the epiphyseal plate in growing bones
18
Q
(LB) Hyaline cartilage [articular cartilage]
A
- At the ends of the bones and reduces friction and absorbs shock at freely moveable joints
19
Q
(LB) Periosteum
A
- A connective tissue that covers the surface of the bone; it contains osteogenic cells, protects bone, assists in fracture repair, helps nourish bone tissue, and serves as an attachment point for ligaments and tendons.
20
Q
(LB) Marrow cavity
A
- The space within the diaphysis
21
Q
(LB) Red marrow
A
- Is the site of blood production
22
Q
(LB) Yellow marrow
A
- Is the site of fat storage
23
Q
(LB) endosteum
A
- The lining of the medullary cavity
