Chapter 6 Flashcards
Who gave the term “Human computer symbiosis” ?
MIT’s JCR Licklider in 1968
Name some features already running by 1970’s on timesharing systems
- Electronic mail
- Discussion forums
- Online education
- Multiplayer games
What is ARPANET? When did it begin and for what?
Began in 1960’s as a way to interconnect timesharing systems. It was the first tech that aimed to connect remote computers. Allowed flexible connection between different computer models letting them exchange packets holding any kind of data.
Administered by BBN from its Network Control Center.
Decommissioned in 1990 when NSFNET took over.
What did SAGE operators and Morse code operators use to chat?
SAGE operators: AUTODIN network built to interconnect its sites
Morse code operators: Telegraph lines and radio links during quite periods
What was the SDC system
1963 basic system
later these capabilities evolved into later internet chat systems and eventually into today’s instant messaging applications.
Who created the first Electronic mail?
MIT, as part of CTSS (Compatible Time-Sharing System). A form of text based online communication.
Features:
- Stored until recipient logs in
- stored in personal directory
- easy to implement
Implemented in mid 1965 by junior members of research staff Tom Van Vleck and Noel Morris.
Who created the first Electronic mail?
MIT, as part of CTSS (Compatible Time-Sharing System). A form of text based online communication.
Features:
- Stored until recipient logs in
- stored in personal directory
- easy to implement
Implemented in mid 1965 by junior members of research staff Tom Van Vleck and Noel Morris.
It was everywhere later on:
- Multics (Big systems)
- DEC minicomputers (small system)
- Unix
Who created “EMISARI”, when and for whom?
Made by Murray Turoff in 1971 for the US Office of Emergency Preparedness for group communication and public discussion.
When was the demonstration of Engelbart’s online system NLS? What was it?
December 1968
- A interactive computer program that is projected on a big screen and can be controlled using a mouse.
Later became known as the legendary: “Mother of All Demos”
However it a dead end since it was not easy to use and the command structure was complex as well which was not liked by the end user.
What was CSCW?
Computer Supported Cooperative Work was a major area for research and development on “tools for online collaboration”.
What was “Plato” ? Where did it originate?
Interactive, time sharing based system intended for education and training from kindergarten to university.
- Originated in the University of Illinois.
- Plato III was operation by 1967 using a CDC 1604 computer.
- Instructors coded lessons using TUTOR programming language.
- Plato IV , sponsored by NSF, started in 1972. Had crisp graphics, with 512p x 512p resolution. Used bitmap graphic, treating the screen as a grid of pixel dots. Used for: Flight simulator, online newspaper, emails, multiplayer games, conferencing systems etc..
It was influential for later products.
What type of connection was supported by Plato and NLS?
Local connection
What is Store and Forward approach?
Packet switching allowed a store and forward approach to communication, so jumping through IMP’s.
Name a packet switched network operational in Europe and where?
CYCLADES, France by 1974.
RFC 561
In 1973 formalised electronic mail headers including from, date, and subject.
RFC 680
Described fields to help with the transmission of messages to multiple users, including to, cc and bcc.
Who standardised the “@” sign?
Tomlinson
Who was the first head of state to send electronic mail while ceremonially opening a building…?
Queen Elizabeth II of England in 1976
Who created the first Spam and when?
Gary Thuerk in 1978
What is SMTP?
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, issue in 1982 by Jon Postel.
