Chapter 6 Flashcards
state why some people require different diets
people have different diets to
- maintain their body type for a sport
Examples:
- lots of running requires more carbohydrates as glucose turns into glycogen
- protein should be consumed by weight trainers as it strengthens and repairs the muscles
explain the outcome of more calories
eating more calories than you’re losing can result in weight gain/obesity. this can lead to heart problems/diseases and organ failure which makes you unable to carry out everyday tasks which is a main component of physical health. can also develop type 2 diabetes.
explain the outcome of over-exercising
Over-exercising (losing calories) and not eating enough will cause you to lose weight. This can lead to mixed emotions as you may not be getting enough food that gives you the right nutrients. You can be malnourished and can get scurvy or get rickets disease.
what is aerobic respiration?
what is the word formula for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + heat
aerobic respiration is the release of energy from glucose in the muscles. when breathing harder and deeper the heart beats faster to get oxygen to the muscles.
what is anaerobic respiration? what is the word formula for anaerobic respiration?
what is the waste product of this process and why is it an important factor for people doing sports?
glucose –> energy + lactic acid + heat
aerobic respiration is when the body cannot take in as much oxygen as needed so it produces lactic acid. lactic acid helps the body maintain energy without oxygen.
lactic acid is the waste product of anaerobic respiration and is important for those who do sports because it helps give energy when there is not a sufficient amount of oxygen for the body.
state the components of fitness (health-related)
- strength
- power
- muscular endurance
- flexibility
- cardio-vascular endurance
- speed
state the components of fitness (skill related)
All - Agility
Boys - Balance
Can - Coordination
Run - Reaction
what are the definitions of each component of fitness:
- cardiovascular endurance
- muscular endurance
- strength
- flexibility
- power
- agility
- balance
- coordination
- reaction time
Cardiovascular- Ability of the heart and lungs to deliver blood and oxygen to the body.
Muscular endurance - the ability of muscles to repeatedly contract without fatiguing
Speed - the ability to move the body or limbs quickly
Strength - the ability to lift a heavy weight or oppose a force being pushed against it.
Flexibility - range of movement around the joint
Power - speed x strength
Agility - the ability to change direction/body position at speed whilst maintaining control
Balance - being able to hold a position - either static (still) or dynamic (moving) / handstand in gymnastics - holding a static position
Coordination - the ability to use two or more body parts at the same time
Reaction time - the ability to respond to a stimulus (runners reacting to the gun/ F1 drivers (light or flag)/ goalkeepers (ball coming towards goal)
provide a sporting example for skill components of fitness
Agility - football - can change directions quickly when running
Balance - gymnastic - can hold and control the body during skills (handstand)
Coordination- tennis - can hit the ball with a racket whilst running
Reaction time - F1 drivers, runners - quick reaction time to start the race
what is the fitness test for cardiovascular endurance?
multistage fitness test
what is the fitness test for flexibility?
sit and reach test
what is the fitness test for muscular endurance?
multistage abdominal test
what is the fitness test for power?
vertical jump test
what is the fitness test for speed?
30 meter sprint test
what is the fitness test for strength?
hand grip dynamometer
