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Biology > Chapter 54 > Flashcards

Chapter 54 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Examples of Interspecific relationships

A

Competition
Predation
Herbivory
Symbiosis

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1
Q

Interspecific interactions

A

Relationships between species in a community

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2
Q

Competition

A

-/- interaction

Occurs when species compete for a resource in short supply

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3
Q

What can strong competition lead to?

A

Competitive exclusion

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4
Q

Competitive Exclusion

A

Local elimination of a competing species

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5
Q

A species total use of biotic and abiotic resources

A

Ecological niche

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6
Q

Resource partitioning

A

Differentiation of ecological niche

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7
Q

What does resource partitioning enable?

A

Similar species to coexist in a community

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8
Q

Predation

A

+/- interaction

Occurs when a species (predator) kills and eats the prey

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9
Q

Predation feeding adaptions

A 
Claws
Teeth
Fangs
Stingers
Poison
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10
Q

Cryptic coloration

A

Camouflage

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11
Q

Herbivory

A

+/- interaction

Occurs when a herbivore eats parts of plant or alga

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12
Q

Symbiosis

A

A relationship where 2 or more species live in direct and intimate contact with one another

Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism

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13
Q

Mutualism

A

+/+ interaction

Obligate & Facultative

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14
Q

Obligative mutualism

A

1 species cannot survive without the other

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15
Q

Facultative mutualism

A

Both species can survive alone

16
Q

Commensalism

A

+/o interaction

One species benefits and the other is apparently unaffected

17
Q

Parasitism

A 
\+/- interaction
One organism (parasite) derives nourishment from another organism (host) which is harmed in the process
18
Q

Endoparasites

A

Live within the body of the host

19
Q

Extoparasites

A

Live on the external surface of the host

20
Q

Fundamental features of community structures

A

Species diversity

Trophic structures

21
Q

Species diversity

A

Variety of organisms that make up the community

22
Q

Tropic structures

A

Feeding relationships between organisms in a community

23
Q

4 kinds of species that have an impact on community structure

A

Dominant
Invasive
Keystone
Foundation

24
Q

Dominant species

A

Most abundant

Highest biomass

25
Q

Biomass

A

Total mass of all individuals in a population

26
Q

Invasive species

A

Typically introduced to a new environment by humans

Often lack predation and disease

Not necessarily abundant

27
Q

Keystone species

A

Excerpts strong control on a community by their ecological roles or niches

28
Q

Foundation species

A

Ecosystems “engineers”
Cause physical change in the environment that affects community structure
Act a facilitators

Biology (5 decks)

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