Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics OCR A A2 > Chapter 5.3 - Oscillations > Flashcards

Chapter 5.3 - Oscillations Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

Displacement

A

The distance an object is from it’s rest position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Amplitude

A

Maximum displacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Frequency

A

The number of oscillations per unit time at any point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Angular Frequency and its symbol

A

(ω) The product 2pi*f

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phase Difference and its symbol

A

(Φ) The fraction of a complete cycle between two points, expressed in radians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Simple Harmonic Motion

A

An oscillating body where the acceleration of the body is directly proportional to its distance from a fixed point (its equilibrium position) and this acceleration is always directed to the fixed point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

SHM defining equation

A

a=-(ω^2)x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Solutions to the equation a=-ω^2x

A

x = Acosωt, x = Asinωt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Equation for velocity

A

v = +-ω*root(A^2-x^2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Maximum acceleration

A

(Sub in A for x) max a = Aω^2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Maximum velocity

A

(Sub in A for x) max v = Aω

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Maximum displacement

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Investigation for SMH

A

Set up a mass on a spring hanging from a clamp stand. Place a position sensor beneath it. Pull down the spring and let it oscillate with its displacement being recorded. When plotted against time it should resemble a sine wave with decreasing amplitude.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What effect does increasing the mass on a spring have on SHM time period

A

Longer time period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What effect does the stiffness of the spring have on SHM time period

A

High stiffness = short time period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What effect does increasing the initial displacement have on SHM time period(with a spring)

A

No effect on time period

17
Q

What effect does increasing the initial angle of a pendulum have on SHM time period

A

No effect on time period

18
Q

What effect does increasing the mass of a pendulum have on SHM time period

A

No effect on time period

19
Q

What effect does increasing the length of the string of a pendulum have on SHM time period

A

Increases time period

20
Q

Relationship between period and amplitude of SHM

A

They are independent

21
Q

How is angular frequency related to angular velocity

A

Angular frequency is the magnitude of the angular velocity

22
Q

If x = Asinωt what is velocity and acceleration

A

v = ωAcosωt a =-ω^2Asinωt (just differentiate)

23
Q

How is mechanical energy affected during SHM

A

Not affected

24
Q

How is kinetic energy affected during SHM

A

Maximum at equilibrium, minimum at highest displacement

25
Q

How is potential energy affected during SHM

A

Minimum at equilibrium, maximum at highest displacement

26
Q

Draw the graph of displacement against kinetic and potential energies

A

good

27
Q

Free Oscillation

A

There is no external, periodic force being applied to the object. The system oscillates at its natural frequency

28
Q

Natural frequency

A

The frequency a system will oscillate at when undergoing free oscillation

29
Q

Forced Oscillation

A

A periodic driving force is applied to the system causing it to oscillate at the same frequency as the driving force

30
Q

Driving frequency

A

The frequency with which the driving force is applied to the oscillating object

31
Q

Resonance

A

Occurs when the driving frequency is equal to the natural frequency of the body being forced to oscillate. The body will oscillate at it’s natural frequency and its maximum amplitude

32
Q

Damping

A

Damping forces reduce the amplitude of an oscillation with time by removing energy from the system

33
Q

Critical damping

A

Reduces the amplitude in the shortest possible time

34
Q

Overdamping

A

The system does not oscillate but it takes longer to return to its equilibrium than with critical damping

35
Q

What does a graph of frequency against amplitude look like

A

sharp peak around natural frequency

36
Q

How does damping affect resonance

A

Reduces the maximum amplitude of resonance

37
Q

Examples of resonance (4)

A
  • Organ - Swing - Glass smashing - Radio

Physics OCR A A2 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions