Chapter 52: Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs Flashcards
Drugs given to relieve nausea and vomiting.
antiemetic drugs
The area of the brain that is involved in the sensation of nausea and the action of vomiting.
chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)
The forcible emptying or expulsion of gastric and, occasionally, intestinal contents through the mouth; also called vomiting.
emesis
Sensation often leading to the urge to vomit.
nausea
The area of the brain that is involved in stimulating the physiologic events that lead to nausea and vomiting.
vomiting center
The nurse is providing patient teaching regarding scopolamine transdermal patches to a patient who is planning an ocean cruise. Which instruction is most appropriate?
a. “Apply the patch the day before traveling.”
b. “Apply the patch at least 4 hours before traveling.”
c. “Apply the patch to the shoulder area.”
d. “Apply the patch to the temple just above the ear.”
b. “Apply the patch at least 4 hours before traveling.”
A middle-aged woman is experiencing severe vertigo associated with motion sickness. The nurse expects that this patient will receive which drug?
a. meclizine
b. prochlorperazine
c. metoclopramide
d. dronabinol
a. meclizine
A patient is in the outpatient cancer center for his first round of chemotherapy. Which schedule does the nurse consider most appropriate in terms of timing for the intravenous antiemetic drug?
a. Four hours before the chemotherapy begins
b. Thirty to sixty minutes before the chemotherapy begins
c. At the same time as the chemotherapy drugs are given
d. At the first sign of nausea
b. Thirty to sixty minutes before the chemotherapy begins
In reviewing the various types of antinausea medications, the nurse recognizes that prokinetic drugs are also used for which condition(s)? (Select all that apply.)
a. Motion sickness
b. Vertigo
c. Gastroesophageal reflux
d. Delayed gastric emptying
e. Gastrointestinal obstruction
c. Gastroesophageal reflux
d. Delayed gastric emptying
he has been searching the Internet for antinausea remedies and that he found a reference to a product called Emetrol (phosphorated carbohydrate solution). He wants to know if this drug would help him. What is the nurse’s best answer?
a. “This may be a good remedy for you. Let’s talk to your prescriber.”
b. “This drug is used only after other drugs have not worked.”
c. “This drug is used only to treat severe nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy.”
d. “This drug may not help the more severe nausea symptoms associated with chemotherapy.”
d. “This drug may not help the more severe nausea symptoms associated with chemotherapy.”
The nurse is preparing to administer dronabinol to a patient. Which statements about dronabinol therapy are true? (Select all that apply.)
a. It is approved for nausea and vomiting related to cancer chemotherapy.
b. It is approved for use with hyperemesis gravidarum (nausea and vomiting associated with pregnancy).
c. It is approved to help stimulate the appetite in patients with nutritional wasting because of cancer or AIDS.
d. It may cause extrapyramidal symptoms.
e. It may cause drowsiness or euphoria.
a. It is approved for nausea and vomiting related to cancer chemotherapy.
c. It is approved to help stimulate the appetite in patients with nutritional wasting because of cancer or AIDS.
e. It may cause drowsiness or euphoria.
The nurse is reviewing the current medications for a patient who has a new prescription for aprepitant. Which of these medications may have an interaction with aprepitant? (Select all that apply.)
a. digoxin
b. warfarin
c. Oral contraceptives
d. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
e. Corticosteroids
b. warfarin
c. Oral contraceptives
e. Corticosteroids
The nurse is giving medication to reduce nausea. Which antiemetic drug class is known to cause drying of secretions and drowsiness when given? (Select all that apply.)
a. Antihistamines
b. Prokinetics
c. Serotonin blockers
d. Tetrahydrocannabinoids
e. Anticholinergic drugs
a. Antihistamines
b. Prokinetics
d. Tetrahydrocannabinoids
e. Anticholinergic drugs
A nurse is reviewing chemotherapy with a newly-hired nurse on the oncology unit. Which antinausea drug or drug class is indicated for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting? (Select all that apply.)
a. Antihistamines
b. Antidopaminergic drugs
c. Serotonin blockers
d. Phosphorated carbohydrate solution
e. Tetrahydrocannabinoids
c. Serotonin blockers
e. Tetrahydrocannabinoids
When reviewing the drugs used for nausea and vomiting, the nurse recalls that which drug is a synthetic derivative of the major active substance in marijuana?
a. Ondansetron
b. Metoclopramide
c. Prochlorperazine
d. Dronabinol
d. Dronabinol
