Chapter 50: Acid-Controlling Drugs Flashcards
A patient is taking simethicone for excessive flatus associated with diverticulitis. The nurse is teaching about the mechanism of action of simethicone. Which statement is correct?
a. “It neutralizes gastric pH, thereby preventing gas.”
b. “It buffers the effects of pepsin on the gastric wall.”
c. “It decreases gastric acid secretion and thereby minimizes flatus.”
d. “It causes mucus-coated gas bubbles to break into smaller ones.”
d. “It causes mucus-coated gas bubbles to break into smaller ones.”
The nurse is evaluating the medication list of a patient who will be starting therapy with an H2 receptor antagonist. Which of these drugs may cause an interaction?
a. codeine
b. penicillin
c. phenytoin
d. acetaminophen
c. phenytoin
Which is the correct action when the nurse is administering sucralfate? (Select all that apply.)
a. Giving the drug with meals
b. Giving the drug on an empty stomach
c. Instructing the patient to restrict fluids
d. Waiting 30 minutes before administering other drugs
e. Giving other drugs 2 hours before giving the sulcrafate
b. Giving the drug on an empty stomach
e. Giving other drugs 2 hours before giving the sulcrafate
A patient with a history of renal problems is asking for advice about which antacid he should use. The nurse will make which recommendation?
a. “Patients with renal problems cannot use antacids.”
b. “Aluminum-based antacids are the best choice for you.”
c. “Calcium-based antacids are the best choice for you.”
d. “Magnesium-based antacids are the best choice for you.”
b. “Aluminum-based antacids are the best choice for you.”
A patient who is taking oral tetracycline complains of heartburn and requests an antacid. Which action by the nurse is correct?
a. Give the tetracycline, but delay the antacid for 1 to 2 hours.
b. Give the antacid, but delay the tetracycline for at least 4 hours.
c. Administer both medications together.
d. Explain that the antacid cannot be given while the patient is taking the tetracycline.
a. Give the tetracycline, but delay the antacid for 1 to 2 hours.
When the nurse is administering a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), which actions by the nurse are correct? (Select all that apply.)
a. Giving the PPI on an empty stomach
b. Giving the PPI with meals
c. Making sure the patient does not crush or chew the capsules
d. Instructing the patient to open the capsule and chew the contents for best absorption
e. Administering the PPI only when the patient complains of heartburn
a. Giving the PPI on an empty stomach
c. Making sure the patient does not crush or chew the capsules
The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose of misoprostol (Cytotec) for a patient who has been diagnosed with a gastric ulcer. What condition would be a contraindication to this medication?
a. Hypothyroidism
b. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
c. Pregnancy
d. Hypertension
c. Pregnancy
A patient with renal failure wants to take an antacid for “sour stomach.” The nurse needs to consider that some antacids may be dangerous when taken by patients with renal failure and will recommend which type of antacid?
a. Activated charcoal
b. Aluminum-containing antacids
c. Calcium-containing antacids
d. Magnesium-containing antacids
b. Aluminum-containing antacids
A patient with peptic ulcer disease will be starting medication therapy. He tells the nurse that he smokes and wonders if that will affect his treatment. Which is the nurse’s best response?
a. “Smoking has no effect on these medications.”
b. “The actions of antacids are less potent when you smoke.”
c. “Smoking has been shown to decrease the effectiveness of H2 blockers.”
d. “Smoking has been shown to increase the adverse effects of H2 blockers.”
c. “Smoking has been shown to decrease the effectiveness of H2 blockers.”
Which drug class would be used as first-line therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that has not responded to customary medical treatment?
a. H2 blockers
b. Antacids
c. Mucosal protectants
d. Proton pump inhibitors
d. Proton pump inhibitors
The nurse is administering a proton pump inhibitor during morning medication rounds. Which state-ments about proton pump inhibitors are true? (Select all that apply.)
a. They should be taken 1 hour before antacids.
b. They should be taken 30 to 60 minutes before meals.
c. They should be taken with meals.
d. They are part of the treatment of patients with H. pylori infections.
e. There are very few adverse effects with these drugs.
b. They should be taken 30 to 60 minutes before meals.
d. They are part of the treatment of patients with H. pylori infections.
e. There are very few adverse effects with these drugs.
A pregnant woman asks the nurse about taking an antacid for indigestion. What is the nurse’s best response?
a. “You won’t be allowed to take an antacid while you are pregnant.”
b. “Let’s check with your obstetrician to see what is recommended.”
c. “Go ahead and use an aluminum-based antacid.”
d. “Sodium bicarbonate would be the safest choice.”
b. “Let’s check with your obstetrician to see what is recommended.”
Which patient should be advised to limit or avoid the use of sodium bicarbonate as an antacid? (Select all that apply.)
a. A patient who is 6 months pregnant
b. A patient with hypertension
c. A patient with heart failure
d. A patient with gout
e. A patient with scleroderma
b. A patient with hypertension
c. A patient with heart failure
When caring for an older adult patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease and receiving each of the following medications, the nurse would relate the onset of confusion as a possible side effect of which medication?
a. Antacids
b. Carafate
c. H2 antagonists
d. Cytotec
c. H2 antagonists
Which statement correctly describes the benefit of misoprostol in the treatment of ulcer disease?
a. It reduces the secretion of hydrochloric acid.
b. It neutralizes stomach acid.
c. It enhances the production of protective mucus.
d. It facilitates gastric emptying.
c. It enhances the production of protective mucus.
