Chapter 5.1- Cell Cycle

Question 1

Main Ideas:

Answer 1

• The cell cycle has four main stages.
• Cells divide at different rates.
• Cell size is limited.

Question 2

Cell Cycle

Answer 2

The cell cycle is the regular pattern of growth, DNA duplication, and cell division that occurs in eukaryotic cells. It’s fore main stages include:

• Gap 1
• Synthesis
• Gap 2
• Mitosis

Question 3

Mitosis

Answer 3

Mitosis is the division of the cell nucleus and it contents. During mitosis, the nuclear membrane dissolves, the duplicated DNA condenses around proteins and separates, and two new nuclei form.

Question 4

Cytokinesis

Answer 4

Cytokinesis is the process that divides the cell cytoplasm. The result is two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the original cell

Question 8

The cell cycle has 4 main stages, Summarize what happens during: -Gap 1

• Synthesis
• Mitosis
• Gap 2

Answer 8

Gap1= -cell grows
            -carries out normal functions
            -Replicates organelles 
Synthesis= -DNA Synthesis
Gap2= -Additional growth. 
Mitosis= -prophase.   -metaphase 
              -Anaphase.   -telophase 
              -Cytokinesis

Question 9

How did the G1 and G2 stages get their names?

Answer 9

Early studies of cell division show that there were two gaps of inactivity.

Question 10

Cells must pass through a critical checkpoint during which two stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 10

Gap 1

Gap 2

Question 11

Among different types of cells, which stage of the cell cycle varies most in length?

Answer 11

Mitosis —> Cell Division

Question 12

Why does a skin cell divide more often than a liver cell?

Answer 12

The skin cell is on the outside of the body and is damaged more often.

Question 15

For cell to say the same size from generation to generation, what two things must be coordinated?

Answer 15

Growth and Division

Question 16

Where does DNA synthesis happen in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 16

The Nucleus

Question 17

What is G0?

Answer 17

Where cells are unlikely to divide.

Question 18

What process divides the cell nucleus and its contents?

Answer 18

Mitosis

Question 19

Which typically increases faster as a cell grows, surface area or volume.

Answer 19

Surface area.

Question 20

Mitosis:

Answer 20

• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase
• Cytokinesis

Question 21

Think of an example of a cycle. What does this cycle have in common with the cell cycle?

Answer 21

The Krebs cycle, it repeats itself.

Question 22

What two processes make up the M stage.

Answer 22

Mitosis, cytokinesis

Question 23

Cells divide at different rates:

Answer 23

Cell Type: Approximate life span:

• Skin Cell. -2 weeks
• Red blood cell. -4 months
• Liver Cells. -300-500 days
• intestine lining -4-5 Days
• Muscle and -12 years other tissue

Question 24

Cell size is limited:

Answer 24

• Cell growth= coordinated with division
• surface area allows exchange of materials
• Cells that must be large have unique processes.

Question 25

Write an analogy to explain why cell size is limited.

Answer 25

It is easier to transport materials around a swimming pool than around the ocean.

Question 26

The Cell cycle:

Answer 26

1. Gap 1
2. Synthesis
3. Gap 2
4. Mitosis
5. Interphase (repeats)

Question 27

What process divides a cell’s cytoplasm? How do the two word parts of your answer help you remember it?

Answer 27

Cytokinesis —->
cyto = cell
kinesis=move