Chapter 5: Z-scores Flashcards

1
Q

Z-scores

A

The number of standard deviations a given score is from the mean

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2
Q

Population z score formula

A

population z= x-μ/ σ

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3
Q

Population x value formula

A

population x= μ + zσ

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4
Q

Sample z-score formula

A

sample z= x-M/s

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5
Q

Sample x value formula

A

sample x= M + zS

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6
Q

2 properties z-scores reveal

A
  1. the sign reveals whether the x value is located above or below the mean
  2. the numerical value of the z-score corresponds to the number of standard deviations between X and the mean of the distribution
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7
Q

the mean of the z-score distribution is

A

0

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8
Q

the standard deviation of the z-score distribution is

A

1

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9
Q

most z-score values (95%) are between

A

+2 and -2

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10
Q

advantage of standardizing distributions

A

2 or more distributions can be compared in the same metric

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11
Q

t or f: transforming a dataset into a z-score distribution changes its shape

A

false; its shape stays the same

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12
Q

z-scores as a descriptive statistic

A

describe exactly where each individual is located

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13
Q

z-scores as an inferential statistic

A

determine whether each specific sample is representative of the population

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14
Q

standardizing distributions based on z-scores

A
  1. select the new mean and standard deviation that you would like for the distribution
  2. use the z-scores to identify each individual’s position in the original distribution to compute the individual’s position in the new distribution
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15
Q

raw score

A

the original unchanged score

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