Chapter 5: Volcanoes Flashcards
Approximately two-thirds of all the active volcanoes on Earth are located
A) in the Atlantic Ocean
B) along the east coasts of continents
C) in the Indian Ocean
D within the Ring of Fire
E) in Asia
D) within the Ring of Fire
Magma begins to form if rocks are close to their melting temperature and the pressure from above is decreased in the process called
A) addition of heat.
B) addition of volatiles.
C) decompression melting.
D) subduction.
E) None of the answers are correct.
C) decompression melting
Which is not a sinking plate in the “Ring of Fire”?
A) Australian
B) Pacific
C) Philippine
D) Juan de Fuca
E) Cocos
A) Australia
In order of increasing silica content, the three major types of magma are
A) Basaltic, andesitic, rhyolitic
B) Basaltic, rhyolitic, andesitic
C) Rhyolitic, basaltic, andesitic
D) Rhyolitic, andesitic, basaltic
E) Andesitic, rhyolitic, basaltic
A) basaltic, andesitic, rhyolitic
The figure shown is an example of a ______ eruption.
A) stratovolcano
B) lava dome
C) shield volcano
D) cinder cone
E) continental caldera
D) cinder cone
Crater Lake (shown in the figure) is an example of a _______.
A) stratovolcano
B) lava dome
C) shield volcano
D) cinder cone
E) continental caldera
E) continental caldera
Tsunamis, fires, landslides, and debris flows are all examples of ________ of volcanic activity.
A) major effects
B) minor effects
C) primary effects
D) secondary effects
E) tertiary effects
D) secondary effects
The Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum were destroyed from the _______ of Mount Vesuvius.
A) magma
B) pyroclastic flow
C) landslides
D) ash fall
E) lahar
B) pyroclastic flow
The figures on the previous slide show the before and after of what volcano?
A) Mount Unzen
B) Mount Mazama
C) Mount St. Helens
D) Mount Vesuvius
E) Mauna Loa
C) Mounts St. Helens
The shaded areas on the map show the _______ of the three labeled volcanoes.
A) lahar paths
B) ash fallout areas
C) earthquake areas
D) lava flows
E) All of the answers are correct.
B) ash fallout areas
The “year without a summer” in New England was a result of the Tambora volcano creating what?
A) local tsunami
B) global tsunami
C) global cloud of sulfuric acid droplets
D) global earthquake
E) global cloud of silica
C) global clouds of sulfuric acid droplets
What is a natural service function that volcanoes provide?
A) Provide excellent growth medium for plants
B) Create power for nearby urban areas
C) Host minerals in volcanic rocks
D) Provide recreational activities
E) All are natural service functions of volcanoes
E) All are natural service functions of volcanoes
What type of information is NOT used in forecasting volcanic eruptions?
A) Monitoring the atmospheric pressure
B) Monitoring volcanic gas emissions
C) Monitoring seismic activity
D) Monitoring thermal, magnetic, and hydrologic conditions
E) Monitoring the land surface for tilting or swelling of the volcano
A) Monitoring the atmospheric pressure
_____ and _____ are significant factors in a person’s knowledge of the hazard and possible adjustments to it.
A) Age; level of education
B) Age; length of residence near hazard
C) Level of education; length of residence near hazard
D) Level of education; amount of family in the area
E) Age; amount of family in the area
B) Age; length of residence near hazard
Lava and other volcanic materials are extruded on to the surface through a
A) plate boundary.
B) geyser.
C) lava tube.
D) volcanic vent.
E) deep-sea trench.
D) volcanic vent
The largest type of volcanoes – common in the Hawaiian Islands, Iceland, and in the East African Rift – are _______ volcanoes.
A) shield
B) cinder cone
C) lava dome
D) stratovolcano
E) continental caldera
A) shield
All of the following are direct hazards of ash fall except
A) aircraft engine “flame out”
B) richer farming soil
C) contamination of surface water
D) irritation of the respiratory system
E) damage to buildings
B) richer farming soil
If the _______ of the Yellowstone and Long Valley eruptions were experienced today, it would devastate the U.S. economy and food production capabilities, as well as have negative impacts on global climate change.
A) ash fall
B) lahar
C) landslides
D) magma
E) pyroclastic flow
A) ash fall
What method was used on the Icelandic Island of Heimaey to deflect the lava flow from the main town?
A) Wall construction
B) Levees
C) Addition of volatiles
D) Hydraulic chilling
E) Decompression melting
D) hydraulic chilling
