Chapter 1: Introduction Flashcards
What has turned what was once a disaster into a catastrophe?
A) amount of time over which the hazardous event occurs
B) increasing population and poor land use planning
C) type of hazard
D) climate change
E) amount of area over which the hazard occurs
B) increasing population and poor land use planning
An event is considered a natural disaster if…
A) 100 or more people are killed
B) 100000 or more people are killed
C) 1000 or more people are effected
D) 10 or more people are killed
E) none of the answers are correct
D) 10 or more people are killed
Why do high income countries suffer the lowest number of deaths in natural disasters despite having relatively high populations?
A) all of the answers are correct
B) less people living in one area
C) improved warning systems, disaster preparedness, and sanitation post disaster
D) higher level of education in the countries
E) better hazard control in the countries
C) improved warning systems, disaster preparedness, and sanitation post disaster
The processes that produce the earth materials, land, water, and atmosphere necessary for survival are collectively known as the…
A) biogeochemical cycle
B) agricultural cycle
C) hydrologic cycle
D) global carbon cycle
E) geologic cycle
E) geologic cycle
This image of the water cycle demonstrates the…
A) biogeochemical cycle
B) agricultural cycle
C) hydrologic cycle
D) global carbon cycle
E) geologic cycle
C) hydrologic cycle
Natural hazards can be identified and studied using…
A) the geologic cycle
B) the Richter magnitude scale
C) mapping techniques
D) the scientific method
E) all of the answers are correct
D) the scientific method
What makes a natural Earth process a hazard?
A) people live or work near the process
B) the process is a minimum size
C) 10 or more people are effected by the process
D) controls to limit the process are ineffective
E) all of the answers are correct
A) people live or work near the process
A landslide resulting from the clearing of natural vegetation than in turn causes flooding due to the slide mass damming a stream, which then damages and destroys homes is an example of…
A) uniformitarianism
B) environmental unity
C) probability of occurrence
D) forecasting
E) precursor events
B) environmental unity
Why are warnings issued even if the forecast is not 100% for a predicted hazard?
A) someday they will get it right
B) to scare people into reacting
C) make sure the media is reporting the warning
D) an informed public is better able to act responsibly
E) none of the answers are correct
D) an informed public is better able to act responsibly
The risk society or an individual is willing to take depending on the situation is called…
A) long term risk
B) short term risk
C) hazard risk
D) probable risk
E) acceptable risk
E) acceptable risk
A massive forest fire that causes more damage than a small contained one but occurs less frequently is an example of…
A) a catastrophe
B) the magnitude frequency concept
C) forecasting a natural hazard
D) linkages between natural hazards
E) the risk of a natural hazard
B) the magnitude frequency concept
Possible increases in flooding of the Yangtze River due to the basin losing about 85% of its forest due to timber harvesting and conversion of land to agriculture is an example of…
A) a change in forecasting the event
B) poor city planning affecting the magnitude and frequency of an event
C) an event increasing in magnitude and frequency through natural processes
D) population growth affecting the magnitude and frequency of an event
E) land use changes affecting the magnitude and frequency of an event
E) land use changes affecting the magnitude and frequency of an event
This figure of the schedule post disaster event shows…
A) the stages of forecasting a natural hazard
B) the stages of land use changes affecting an event
C) population growth throughout the last century
D) the stages of recovery after a disaster
E) various frequencies of a natural hazard
D) the stages of recovery after a disaster
Emotional distress, donation of money or goods, and payment of taxes levied to finance recovery are all examples of…
A) indirect effects
B) direct effects
C) recovery stages
D) total effects
E) effect stages
A) indirect effects
Why is it so important to understand the perceptions of those affected by the hazard?
A) determines the time to recovery after the hazard
B) determines how the information is portrayed in the media
C) success of hazard reduction programs depends on their attitudes
D) success of evacuations depends on their attitudes
E) determines the speed of emergency response
C) success of hazard reduction programs depends on their attitudes
What is not a way to minimize or avoid the effects of natural hazards?
A) artificial control of natural processes
B) evacuation
C) disaster preparedness
D) rebuild in the hazard area
E) land use planning
D) rebuild in the hazard area
Climate change is likely to affect natural hazards in the future by…
A) it will not affect them at all
B) increasing their severity and frequency
C) decreasing their severity and frequency
D) increasing their severity but decreasing their frequency
E) decreasing their severity but increasing their frequency
B) increasing their severity and frequency
