Chapter 5 Vocab

Question 1

A major female confucian author of Han Dynasty China whose workers give insight into the implication of Confucian thinking woman

Answer 1

Ban Zhao

Question 2

A great Hindu texts, part of the much larger Mahabharata which affirms the performance of Caste duties as a path to religious liberation

Answer 2

Bhagavad Gita

Question 3

An immensely popular development in Hinduism, advocating intense devotion toward a particular diety

Answer 3

Bhakti movement

Question 4

A Greek polymath philosopher; student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the great

Answer 4

Aristotle

Question 5

The “world soul” or final reality in Upanishadic Hindu belief

Answer 5

Brahman

Question 6

The priestly cast of India

Answer 6

Brahmins

Question 7

The cultural/religious tradition first enunciated by Siddharta Gautama

Answer 7

Buddhism

Question 8

Chinese philosophy first enunciated by Confucius, advocating the moral example of superiors as the key element of social order

Answer 8

Confucianism

Question 9

The founder of Confucianism ; An aristocrat of northern China who proved to be the greatest influence on Chinese culture and its history

Answer 9

Confucius (Kung Fuzi)

Question 10

Roman Emperor who’s conversion to Christianity pave the way for the triumph of Christianity in Europe.

Answer 10

Constantine

Question 11

Central text of Daoism; translated as The Way And Its Power

Answer 11

Daodejing

Question 12

A Chinese philosophy/popular religion that advocates simplicity and understanding of the world of nature, founded by the legendary figure Laozi.

Answer 12

Daoism

Question 13

The honoring of one’s ancestors and parents, a key element of Confucianism

Answer 13

Filial piety

Question 14

A secularizing system of scientific and philosophic thought that developed in classical Greece in the period 600 to 300 B.C.E., it is the size the power of education and human reason to understand the world in non-religious terms.

Answer 14

Greek rationalism

Question 15

A Word derived from outsiders to describe the vast diversity of indigenous Indian Religion traditions.

Answer 15

Hinduism

Question 16

A very influential Greek medical theorist; regarded as the father of medicine

Answer 16

Hippocrates

Question 17

One of the most important prophets of Judaism, whose teachings show the transformation of the religion on the favor of compassion and social justice

Answer 17

Isaiah

Question 18

The prophet/God of Christianity

Answer 18

Jesus of Nazareth

Question 19

The monotheistic religion developed by the Hebrews, emphasizing a sole personal God(Yehweh) with concerns for social justice

Answer 19

Judaism

Question 20

In Hinduism, the determining factor of the level at which the individual is reincarnated, based on purity of action and fulfillment of duty of the prior existence

Answer 20

Karma

Question 21

Legendary Chinese philosopher of the sixth century bce regarded as the Daoism

Answer 21

Laozi

Question 22

Legendary Chinese philosophy distinguished by an adherence to clear laws with vigorous punishments.

Answer 22

Legalism

Question 23

“Great Vehicle”, The popular development of Buddhism in the early centuries of the common era, which gives a much greater role to supernatural beings and proved to be more popular than original (Theravada) Buddhism

Answer 23

Mahayana

Question 24

In Hindu belief, liberation from separate existence and union with Brahman

Answer 24

Moksha

Question 25

The end goal of Buddhism, in which individual identity is “extinguished” into a state of serenity and great compassion

Answer 25

nirvana

Question 26

A disciple of socrates who’s ‘Dialogues’ convey the teachings of his master while going to beyond them to express his own philosophy

Answer 26

Plato

Question 27

A major Greek philosopher who believed that an unchanging mathematical order underlies the apparent chaos of the world

Answer 27

Pythagoras

Question 28

First great popularizer of Christianity

Answer 28

Saint Paul

Question 29

Indian prince turned ascetic who founded Buddhism

Answer 29

Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)

Question 30

First great Greek philosopher to turn rationalism toward questions of human existence

Answer 30

Socrates

Question 31

Greek natural philosophy, noted for his application of reason to astronomy and for his questioning of the fundamental nature of the universe

Answer 31

Thales of Miletus

Question 32

Roman emperor who made Christianity the official religion of the Roman state, banning all polytheistic rituals

Answer 32

Theodosius

Question 33

“Th Teaching Of Elders” early form of Buddhism according to which the Buddha was a wise teacher but not divine and which emphasizes practices rather than beliefs

Answer 33

Theravada Buddhism

Question 34

Indian mystical and philosophical works, written between 800 and 400 B.C.E.

Answer 34

Upanishads

Question 35

Earliest religious text of India, a collection of ancient forms, hymns, and rituals that were transmitted orally before being written down

Answer 35

Vedas

Question 36

A period in China from 403 to 221 B.C.E. that was typified by disorder and political chaos

Answer 36

Warring states period

Question 37

Expression of the Chinese belief in the unity opposites

Answer 37

Yin and Yang

Question 38

Persian prophet, traditionally dated to the sixth or seventh century B.C.E., who founded Zoroastrianism

Answer 38

Zarathustra

Question 39

A Chinese philosopher who spelled out the teachings of Daoism

Answer 39

Zhuangzi

Question 40

Persian monotheistic religion founded by the prophet Zarathustra

Answer 40

Zoroastrianism

Question 41

In Zoroastrianism, the evil God, engaged in a cosmic struggle with Ahura Mazda

Answer 41

Angra Mainyu

Question 42

The human soul, which in classic Hindu belief seeks union with Brahman

Answer 42

Atman