Chapter 5 Vocab Flashcards
An informal tool used by the president to persuade members of Congress to support his or her policy initiatives
bargaining and persuasion
A title given to the president of the United States; holds control of the United States military. However, it does not provide all power to the president, it is just the main body.
Commander in Chief
The power explicitly granted to the president according to the Constitution, such as being able to veto legislation and to appoint heads of state agencies; in Article II of the Constitution
formal powers
This is an international agreement entered into by the president, according to the president’s constitutional or statutory authority
executive agreement
Empowers the president to carry out the law or to administer the government
executive order
The right to withhold information or the president’s decision-making process from another branch, especially Congress
executive privilege
The powers of the president not outlined in Article II. An example is the power of bargaining and persuasion.
informal powers
A measure or procedure that empowers an executive to eliminate a line of spending from an appropriations bill or a budgeting measure, allowing the president to veto part (not the entirety of) said bill
line-item veto
The president’s power to kill a bill, if Congress is not in session, by not signing it for 10 days
pocket veto
The issues that attract the serious attention of public officials and other people actively involved in politics at the time
policy agenda
The president cannot change the wording of a bill, several presidents have offered signing statements when signing a bill into law. This overall explains the interpretation of the bill from the president’s perspective.
signing statement
A constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body (House and Senate)
veto
HIghest-ranking officials representing a government in a foreign country
ambassadors
Advisory council for the president consisting of the heads of the executive departments, the vice president, and a few other officials selected by the president
cabinet
The person who oversees the operations of all White House staff and controls access to the president
chief of staff
Power claimed by a president that are not expressed in the Constitution but are inferred from it (reasonable to get a job done)
inherent powers
The commanding officers of the armed services who advise the president on military policy
joint chiefs of staff
Hamilton argues for the necessity of a single president (rather than an executive committee). Hamilton states that Americans should not fear the president becoming a tyrant because a single person would be easier to control. Additionally, a single president could act with more energy, efficiency, and secrecy than could a committee.
Federalist No. 70
Term used to describe a president as an “emperor” who acts without consulting Congress or acts in secrecy to evade or deceive Congress. Is the idea that a powerful executive position will be guided by a weaker Congress.
imperial presidency
(1829-1837) seventh president of the United States who was an advocate of the Indian removal. Brought a noticeable shift in presidential power. He was a successful military general and used his power to veto 12 times (the most a president used a veto). He opposed national banks, causing a drift between governmental branches.
Andrew Jackson
(1861-1865) was notorious for saving the Union and limiting slavery. He also suspended habeas corpus, the protection of lawful imprisonment. He stretched many constitutional laws in favor of saving the United States.
Abraham Lincoln
(1933-1945) was president during the Great Depression and WWII. Created New Deal programs to help America recover from them. His presidency overall reshaped the government for the better.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
(1901-1909) was the leader of national progressivism at the turn of the twentieth century. He supported regulation of big business, conservation of natural resources, and a “square deal” for ordinary people.
Theodore Roosevelt
A theory that argues for a strong, assertive presidential role, with presidential authority limited only at points specifically prohibited by law (defined by Theodore Roosevelt)
stewardship theory
The US Constitution applies term limits to the office of the president. No one may be elected president more than twice, or serve a president longer than ten years
Amendment XXII (22nd)
(1789-1797) was a military officer and a founding father who was the first president of the United States
George Washington
Mobilized the United States Army into Southeast Asia in 1964. However, in 1973 Congress decided to fix the political mistake of giving the president too much power. This maintains the president for urgent action and defense of the United States. Required that he could only do it for 90 days before being required to officially bring the matter to Congress.
War Powers Act (1973)
(1913-1919) who was especially noted for his idealistic approach to the end of WWI, which included advocacy of his Fourteen Points intended to regulate future international dealing and a League of Nations to enforce a new international order. Although his vision largely failed, Wilson was widely respected for his views.
Woodrow Wilson
The president’s use of his prestige and viability to guide or enthuse the American public (defined by Theodore Roosevelt).
bully pulpit
A yearly report by the president to Congress describing the nation’s condition and recommending programs and policies
State of the Union Address
